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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-1998
Test methods for evaluating resistance to tracking and erosion of electrical
insulating materials used under severe ambient conditions (IEC 60167:1964)
Methods of test for the determination of the insulation resistance of solid insulating
materials
Prüfung von Isolierstoffen für die Elektrotechnik - Isolationswiderstand von festen
isolierenden Werkstoffen
Méthodes d'essai pour la détermination de la résistance d'isolement des isolants solides
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: HD 568 S1:1990
ICS:
29.035.01 Izolacijski materiali na Insulating materials in
splošno general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD 60167
First edition
Methods of test for the determination
of the insulation resistance
of solid insulating materials
IEC 1964 Copyright - all rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: [email protected] Web:
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Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
International Electrotechnical Commission
МеждународнаяЭлектротехническаяКомиссия
For price, see current catalogue
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD
PREFACE 5
SECTION ONE — GENERAL
Clause
1. Scope 7
2. Definitions 7
3. Significance
4.
Test equipment 7
SECTION TWO — ELECTRODES
5. Electrodes 9
6. Taper pin electrodes (for flat plates; tubes and rods)
7. Conducting paint electrodes (for flat plates; tubes and rods)
8. Bar electrodes (for thin sheets and tapes)
SECTION THREE — TEST SPECIMENS
9. Test specimens for taper pin electrodes
10. Test specimens for conducting paint electrodes
11. Test specimens for bar electrodes
SECTION FOUR — CONDITIONING
12. Conditions and procedures
SECTION FIVE — PROCEDURE
13. Selection, preparation and measurement
SECTION SIX — EXPRESSION OF RESULTS
14. Mathematical treatment
SECTION SEVEN — TEST REPORT
15. Necessary information
SECTION EIGHT — GENERAL PRINCIPLES
16. Selection of test pieces
17. Cleaning test pieces
18. Mounting test specimens
19. Reference
— 5 —
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
THE DETERMINATION OF THE INSULATION
METHODS OF TEST FOR
RESISTANCE OF SOLID INSULATING MATERIALS
FOREWORD
The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters, prepared by Technical Committees on which
1)
all the National Committees having a special interest therein are represented, express, as nearly as possible, an inter-
national consensus of opinion on the subjects dealt with.
2) They have the form of recommendations for international use and they are accepted by the National Committees in
that sense.
3) In order to promote this international unification, the IEC expresses the wish that all National Committees having
as yet no national rules, when preparing such rules, should use the IEC recommendations as the fundamental basis
for these rules in so far as national conditions will permit.
4) The desirability is recognized of extending inte rnational agreement on these matters through an endeavour to harmonize
national standardization rules with these recommendations in so far as national conditions will permit. The National
Committees pledge their influence towards that end.
PREFACE
This Recommendation was prepared by Technical Committee No. 15, Insulating Materials.
The study of standardized methods of measurement of the volume and surface resistivities and the
insulation resistance of an insulating material were commenced by Technical Committee No. 15 at Scheve-
ningen in September 1952. It was then decided to treat the methods of measurement in three parts dealing
respectively with volume resistivity, surface resistivity and insulation resistance. The methods recommended
for the measurement of the volume and surface resistivities were issued as an IEC Recommendation in
Publication 93 (1958).
A draft concerning the methods of measurement of insulation resistance was submitted to the National
Committees for approval under the Six Months' Rule in March 1960. Amendments to this draft were
submitted to the National Committees for approval under the Two Months' Procedure in February 1962.
The following countries voted explicitly in favour of publication:
Austria Japan
Netherlands
Belgium
Bulgaria Norway
Canada Romania
Czechoslovakia Sweden
Denmark Switzerland
United Kingdom
France
Germany Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Italy United States of America
METHODS OF TEST FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE INSULATION
RESISTANCE OF SOLID INSULATING MATERIALS
SECTION ONE — GENERAL
1. Scope
These methods of test cover procedures for the determination of insulation resistance without discri-
mination between the volume and surface resistances involved. Because the test specimens are simply and
easily prepared, these methods are particularly useful for rapidly determining values which will give a
general indication of quality when great accuracy is not required.
2. Definitions
2.1 Insulation resistance
The insulation resistance between two electrodes which are in contact with, or embedded in, a
specimen, is the ratio of the direct voltage applied to the electrodes to the total current between
them at a given time after the application of that voltage. It is dependent upon both the volume and
surface resistances of the specimen.
Significance
3.
3.1 The methods for determining the insulation resistance of solid insulating materials give values of
resistance which include, without discrimination, both volume and surface resistance. These methods
consequently do not give well defined constants for the material, in contrast to the Recommended
Methods of Test for Volume and Surface Resistivities (see IEC Publication 93). However, they
give empirical values which can be used for the comparison of the quality of different insulating
materials.
3.2 These methods are very useful for determining the influence of moisture on hygroscopic insulating
materials, in which conditioning appreciably modifies not only the insulating properties of the surface
but also those of the body of the material.
4. Test equipment
4.1 The insulation resistance may be determined either by a bridge method or by measuring the current
and voltage. Brief descriptions of such measuring methods are given in Clause 14 a) of IEC Publi-
cation 93, Recommended Methods of Test for Volume and Surface Resistivities of Electrical Insulating
Materials.
4.2 The applied voltage during the measurement shall be a direct voltage which is steady enough so that
the charging current appearing when the voltage varies is negligible compared with the current flowing
through the specimen. In some cases this may require the use of batteries.
— 9 —
SECTION TWO — ELECTRODES
5. Electrodes
The electrodes shall be made of such a material that they will not corrode under the conditions of
test or react with the material being tested. The following electrodes have been found to be satisfactory.
The taper pin electrodes are generally used when the volume resistance is of primary interest. The other
electrodes are used when the surface resistance is of primary interest.
6. Taper pin electrodes (for flat plates, tubes and rods)
Clean brass or steel pins of approximately 5 mm diameter and having a taper of approximately 2
are used, the length being sufficient to comply with the requirements of Clause 9. These electrodes may be
used with flat specimens, tubes and rods. (Figures 1 and 2, pages 16 and 17), and are used by inserting
them in two transverse parallel holes whose centres are 25 ± 1 mm apart (see Clause 9).
7. Conducting paint electrodes (for flat plates; tubes and rods)
Conducting paint may be used as an electrode material. The vehicle of the conducting paint should
be of such a nature that it will not have any effect on the insulation resistance to be measured. Two equi-
distant stripes of conducting paint 1 mm wide are applied around tubes and rods so that the nearest edges
are 10 ± 0.5 mm apart. (This can be easily done by mounting the tube or rod in a lathe and rotating it
against a small brush or drawing pen containing the paint). This type of electrode may also be used on
plate specimens. In this case the electrodes are two parallel stripes of
...