The design of wind turbines involves many fields and professional knowledge, and the systematic accumulation of engineering design technologies and rich practical design experience are necessary conditions to ensure the design quality of large wind turbines. This section briefly summarizes relevant design methods and steps for further discussion. Wind turbines are relatively complex electromechanical equipment and require a good cost-performance ratio. Overall design is an important design process that balances these relationships. In a sense, the overall design can determine the success or failure of the entire design process. Since wind turbines are composed of several functional subsystems, the overall design of the unit is closely related to the functional design of each component or subsystem. Taking as an example the design goverview of the wind turbine components, it includes the blade parameters, aerodynamic performance and structure. strength, manufacturing There are many aspects of design content such as process and cost, and these design goals are difficult to achieve at the same time. It is necessary to weigh the proportions of all parts and choose an optimized solution.
Since low cost and high reliability are the main drivers and research hotspots for the development of modern wind turbines, how to achieve a balanced relationship between these complex factors based on the objectives design and combined with engineering experience to meet the highest possible requirements. Equipment cost performance requirements are key to overall wind turbine design.
The following briefly presents the main tasks and general stepsof the overall design of wind turbines. Specific design issues will be discussed in Chapter 3 of this book.
(1) Overall unit design
1) Overall aerodynamic layout design
As the power of a single wind unit increases , the aerodynamic layout of the system design is gradually becoming an important aspect of wind turbine design. The tasks at this stage mainly include analyzing the wind conditions of the wind farm, comparing and targeted selection of various feasible functional configurations and aerodynamic layout plans, and combining performance analysis and simulation technology of the unit and aerodynamic characteristics to initially determine the basis. shape of the complete machine and each main component (subsystem), and submit relevant analysis and calculation reports.
2) Design of parameters gunit's overall parameters
Before the aerodynamic design of the wind turbine unit, the overall parameters should first be determined, such as wind turbine operating parameters, blade parameters, design . wind speed, top speed ratio, airfoil distribution and its aerodynamic performance, etc. The basic requirements for the overall parameter design are the lowest power generation cost, the smallest unit load, large power generation, and meeting power quality requirements.
3) Overall structural design of the unit
There are two different types of wind power generation, namely: independent operation - off type network and connected type. Integrated into the electrical system to operate - grid connected type. Off-grid wind power generation is small-scale and can solve the supply problemin electricity in remote areas through energy storage devices such as batteries or in combination with other power generation technologies (such as complementary wind/hydro power systems, wind-diesel units ). combined power supply systems). Grid-connected wind power generation is a large-scale wind farm, with a capacity of approximately several megawatts to hundreds of megawatts, and composed of tens or even hundreds of wind turbines. Grid-operated wind farms can be offset and supported by the large power grid, and can more fully develop available wind resources. This is an important step for domestic and foreign wind power. The main development direction of power generation. In an increasingly open electricity market environment, the cost of energy productionwind energy will continue to decline if the indirect benefits brought by environmental and other factors are taken into account, wind energy is also very attractive economically. The reason why grid-connected wind farms have developed rapidly around the world is not only because of their energy and environmental protection advantages, but also because the wind farms themselves present the following advantages:
(1) Short construction period of wind turbines It and its auxiliary equipment are modular and easy to design and install. The transportation and installation time of a single wind turbine does not exceed three months. The construction period of a 10 MW wind farm does not exceed one year. it can be put into use after installation.
(2) The actual land area is small and the land quality requirements are low. The construction zoneof equipment in the wind farm only represents about 1% of the wind farm and the rest of the site. can still be used for agriculture, livestock and fishing.
(3) Operations management is highly automated and can be done without supervision. On the other hand, wind power generation is limited by its primary energy source – wind power.