What is the name of the instrument that measures wind speed?

Anemometers are generally divided into blade type (wind type) and cup type. The weather station uses a windbreak, which is usually installed on a pole 10 meters above the ground, and the surrounding area should be open. Based on the rotational speed of the air cup over a certain period of time, the average speed can be calculated. The basic principle of an anemometer is to insert a thin metal wire into the fluid and use an electric current to heat the wire so that its temperature is higher than the temperature of the fluid, which is why it is called “hot wire”. As the fluid flows through the wire in the vertical direction, it removes some of the heat from the wire, causing the temperature of the wire to drop. According to the theory of forced convection heat transfer, the relationship between the heat Q lost by the hot wire and the fluid velocity V can be deduced. A hot wire probe standard consists of two supports and a short, thin wire. Metal wire is generally made of metals with high melting points and good ductility, such as platinum, rhodium, tungsten, etc. Commonly used wires have a diameter of 5 μm and a length of 2 mm; the smallest probe has a diameter of only 1 μm and a length of 0.2 mm. According to different uses, hot wire probes are also made into double lines, three lines, diagonal lines, V shapes and X shapes. To increase resistance, metal films are sometimes used instead of wires. Typically, a thin metal film is sprayed onto a thermally insulating substrate, called a thermal film probe. Hot wire probes must be calibrated before use. Static calibration is carried out in a special standard wind tunnel, measuring the relationship between flow speed and output voltage, and drawing a curvestandard, dynamic calibration is performed in a known pulsing flow field, or a pulsing electrical signal is added to the heating circuit of; the anemometer to check the frequency response of the hot wire anemometer. If the frequency response is not good, it can be improved with the corresponding compensation circuit. The speed measuring range of 0 to 100 meters/second can be divided into three sections: low speed: 0 to 5 meters/second; average speed: 5 to 40 m/s; high speed: 40 to 100 meters/second; the probe is used Precise measurement from 0 to 5 m/s; the anemometer wheel probe works best for measuring speeds of 5 to 40 m/s; use a pitot tube for best results in the high speed range. Another criterion for the appropriate selection of the airspeed sensor is temperature. Generally, the temperature of the thermal sensor of an anemometer is around +-70°C. The roller probeof the dedicated anemometer can reach 350 degrees Celsius. The Pitot tube is used above +350 degrees Celsius