The principle of dynamic microphone is electromagnetic induction. Dynamic microphone: When sound waves vibrate the diaphragm, the coil connected to the diaphragm vibrates accordingly. The voice coil vibrates in the magnetic field, generating an induced current in the magnetic field. The magnitude and direction of the induced current change, and the amplitude of the change is Frequency is determined by sound waves. This signal current is amplified by the speaker and transmitted to the speaker, from which amplified sound is emitted.
Can a microphone generate electricity? I want to use a microphone array to convert daily sound waves into electrical energy and store it in a capacitor~~
Dynamic microphone is a commonly used microphone type, also known as dynamic microphone. It is an electromagnetic microphone that uses a small motor to generate electrical signals, convert sound into electrical signals, and then transmit them to audio equipment. Dynamic microphones have high-quality sound, simple structure, and are relatively cheap, so they are widely used in recording and live performances.
How to use a dynamic microphone?
The steps to use a dynamic microphone are as follows:
1. Prepare the dynamic microphone and audio equipment. Dynamic microphones usually need to be plugged into the microphone interface of the audio device, so you need to prepare a microphone cable.
2. Insert the dynamic microphone into the microphone interface. Pay attention to the direction when inserting. Usually, you will hear a "click" sound when inserting, indicating that the insertion is successful.
3. Open the audio device and adjust the volume and gain. When using a dynamic microphone, the volume and gain need to be adjusted to ensure that the sound is clear and not distorted.
4. Test whether the microphone is working properly. You can test whether the microphone is working properly by speaking or singing. If the microphone is working properly, the sound will be transmitted to the audio device.
5. Use a microphone for recording or performance. When using a microphone for recording or performing, you need to pay attention to the location and distance of the microphone. Generally speaking, the microphone should be placed near the lips, about 10-15 cm away from the lips.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Dynamic Microphones
Dynamic microphones have the following advantages:
1. Simple structure and relatively cheap price.
2. With high-quality sound, suitable for recording and live performances.
3. No external power supply is required and the audio device can be plugged in directly.
4. It has good seismic resistance and is suitable for high-intensity live performances.
However, dynamic microphones also have some disadvantages:
1. Low sensitivity, requiring higher volume and gain to obtain clear sound.
2. The frequency response range is narrow and not suitable for some high-frequency and low-frequency sounds.
3. Not suitable for some professional recording and music production that require high-quality sound.
There are two main types of microphones: condenser type and dynamic coil type.
The principle of a condenser microphone is to convert sound vibrations into changes in the spacing between capacitor plates, thereby causing changes in capacitance, and then due to changes in capacitance.The voltage changes are very weak signals and require external electrical energy to amplify the signal.
The principle of a dynamic microphone is similar to that of a generator. The main difference is its purpose: a generator converts a large amount of mechanical energy into continuous electrical energy, while a microphone converts the weak kinetic energy in sound waves into a fidelity electrical signal. .
So below we only talk about dynamic microphones.
It should be said that the sensitivity of the microphone is very high and the conversion efficiency is relatively high. However, due to the limitations of its structure and strength, and the limited energy in daily sound waves, its output voltage is relatively low. Typically only a few millivolts. For such a low voltage, many (for example, 100) microphones must be connected in series so that the voltage can have usable value, for example, before it can be rectified and stored in a capacitor. At the same time, because the current is very small, many (such as 100) microphones also need to be connected in parallel to have usable value. In this way, the lineup of this array is quite spectacular.
Unfortunately, the law of conservation of energy is still at work, and the conversion efficiency is tormenting you. The total energy of daily sound waves will not make the electrical energy emitted much stronger. It is foreseeable that the electric energy generated by a 100X100 microphone array can only drive a small speaker, and the electric power required to make the small speaker produce the same loud sound should not exceed 1 watt.
In short, this idea is imaginative, makes sense in theory, is actually quite spectacular, and will not be done in reality.