What cooling methods are available for generators?

Introduction What cooling methods are available for generators? 1. Closed-loop air cooling: For turbogenerators less than 50,000 kilowatts, a closed-loop air cooling system is often used, and the engine fan is used to blow heat.

What cooling methods are available for generators?

1. Closed-loop air cooling

For turbine generators under 50,000 kilowatts, a closed-loop air cooling system is often used and the engine fan is used to blow the heater. components to cool.

2. Hydrogen Cooling

For generators with a capacity of 50,000 to 600,000 kilowatts, hydrogen cooling is widely used. The heat dissipation performance of hydrogen (purity 99%) is better than that of air, and the heat dissipation effect is good, which can greatly reduce the ventilation friction loss of the motor, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of the generator. Explosion-proof and leak-proof measures must be taken when using hydrogen cooling, which makes the engine structure more complex and increases the consumption and cost of electrode materials.

3. Refcooling by liquid fluid

The relative cooling capacity of water is 50 times greater than that of air. To remove the same heat, the flow rate of water required is much lower than that of air. air. Therefore, using hollow wires in the coil and passing water through the wires for cooling can significantly reduce the temperature rise of the motor, delay insulation aging, and extend the service life of the engine.

Detailed information

Strictly treated hydrogen for cooling can ensure that the inside of the generator is clean, the ventilation and cooling effect heat dissipation is stable, and there will be no problems caused by dirt.

Hydrogen contains very little oxygen, less than 2%, and does not support combustion. Even if a short circuit fault occurs inside the generator, there is no risk of fire, whichui can significantly reduce the degree of combustion. Damage caused by fault. In hydrogen there is less noise and the insulating materials are less susceptible to oxidation and corona damage.

The hydrogen in the generator must maintain the specified purity to ensure the operating performance of the generator and avoid explosions. For this purpose, a hydrogen supply device must be installed.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia - Generator

Main cooling methods and characteristics of large generators

The generator stator core is divided into 13 wind zones along the direction axial, 6 three of the air inlet zones and seven air outlet zones are arranged alternately. The air inlet areas and the air outlet areas are respectively connected to each other. There are a number of troRadial ventilation holes on the stator core. The cooling of the rotor winding adopts the "air gap" system: two rows of diagonal flow holes in different directions are drilled in the rotor bar to the bottom of the slot, forming several Parallel diagonal flow channels along the axial direction of the rotor body. Through these channels, the cooling hydrogen gas alternately enters and flows from the air duct of the air inlet of the rotor winding, forcing the cooling hydrogen gas to reach the bottom of the slot of the conductor through the oblique flow channel at a speed which corresponds to the speed of the rotor. , then turns to the other side along the same oblique flow path. The flow channel flows out of the conductor. The cold air blown from each air inlet is divided into two oblique flow channels and flows into the conductor inux directions. Likewise, there are two air outlet channels that merge and flow from the air outlet into the air gap. Therefore, each channel has a “V” shape seen from the longitudinal section of the parallel bar, and a “U” shape from the cross-sectional view of the vertical bar. Cooling air from the rotor winding enters and exits the air zone and. the stator core moves in and out.corresponding to the area.

A generator is a mechanical device that converts other forms of energy into electrical energy. It is driven by water turbine, steam turbine, diesel engine or other electric machines to convert the energy generated by water flow, air. flow, fuel combustion or atomic nuclear fission in Mechanical energy is transmitted to the generator, which is then converted into electrical energy. Generators are widely used in industrial and agricultural production, defense nnationality, science and technology and daily life.

Generators come in many forms, but their operating principles are all based on the law of electromagnetic induction and the law of electromagnetic force. Therefore, the general principle of its construction is: using suitable magnetic and conductive materials to form magnetic circuits and circuits that conduct electromagnetic induction among themselves to generate electromagnetic energy and achieve the conversion goal of energy.

Operating characteristics:

The main characteristics that characterize the performance of synchronous generators are the no-load characteristics and the load operating characteristics.

These features provide an important basis for users to choose generators.

No-load characteristics:

When the generator is not connected to a load, the armature current is zero, which is called no-load operation. At this time, the three-phase winding of the motor stator only has the no-load electromotive force E0 (three-phase symmetry) induced by the excitation current If, and its size increases with the increase of If. However, due to the saturation phenomenon in the core of the motor's magnetic circuit, the two are not proportional. The curve reflecting the relationship between the no-load electromotive force E0 and the excitation current If is called the no-load characteristic of the synchronous generator.

Armature reaction:

When the generator is connected to a symmetrical load, the three-phase current in the armature winding will produce another rotating magnetic field, called magnetic reaction d 'induced. field. Its speed is exactly equal to the speed of the rotor and the two rotate synchronously.

The armature reaction magnetic field and the m fieldmagnetic excitation of the rotor of the synchronous generator can be approximately considered to be distributed according to the sinusoidal law. The spatial phase difference between them depends on the temporal phase difference between the no-load electromotive force E0 and the armature current I. The armature reaction magnetic field is also related to the charge state. When the generator load is inductive, the armature reaction magnetic field acts as a demagnetizer, which will cause the generator voltage to decrease; when the load is capacitive, the armature reaction magnetic field acts as a magnetizer, which will reduce the generator voltage; the generator output voltage increases.

Load operating characteristics:

Mainly refers to external characteristics and adjustment characteristics. The external characteristic is the relationship between the voltage across the generator U and the currentt of load I when the speed is the nominal value, the excitation current and the load power factor are constant. The setting characteristic is the relationship between the excitation current If and the load current I when the speed and terminal voltage are nominal values ​​and the load power factor is constant.

The voltage change rate of the synchronous generator is about 20-40%. General industrial and household loads require the voltage to remain virtually unchanged. For this reason, as the load current increases, the excitation current must be adjusted accordingly. Although the change trend of the fitting characteristic is exactly opposite to that of the external characteristic, for inductive and purely resistive loads it increases, while for capacitive loads it generally decreases.

The forms of cooling of generatorsiesel are generally divided into three types: air, hydrogen and water. Generally, the cooling system of a synchronous generator is closed and the cooling fluid is used cyclically.

1) Air Cooling – Air cooling is done by fans. Cold air is blown against the ends of the diesel generator windings, the generator set stator and rotor to dissipate heat. absorbs heat. Then it turns into hot air. After the air between the stator and rotor is fused, it is discharged through the iron core air duct and cooled by the cooler. The cooled air is then sent into the generator by the fan to circulate there to achieve the heat dissipation goal. The machines generally use air cooling for medium and small synchronous generator sets. ,

2) Hydro coolinggene - Hydrogen cooling uses hydrogen as a cooling medium. The heat dissipation performance of hydrogen is better than that of air. Most large turbine generators use hydrogen cooling.

3) Water cooling - water cooling uses dual internal water cooling of the stator and rotor.

  • Popular Focus
  • Where is the cheapest battery wholesale?

    Where is the cheapest battery wholesale in Tangxia, Sanyuanli, Baiyun District? There is an enterprise specializing in the independent production of electric vehicles in Tangxia, Sanyuanli, Baiyun District, Baiyun Sanyuanli Avenue, Baiyun Sanyuanli Street
    08-02
  • Understanding 18650 Voltage: A Comprehensive Guide to Lithium-Ion Battery Power

    Lithium-ion batteries have become the backbone of modern portable electronics, providing the energy needed for everything from smartphones to electric vehicles. Among the various types of lithium-ion batteries, the 18650 battery stands out as a popular ch
    08-27
  • What are the materials of the negative electrodes of lithium batteries?

    What are the materials of the negative electrodes of lithium batteries? The main commercial applications of lithium batteries include graphite, which is a sheet of copper used to guide current and which does not react. another safe
    08-02
  • The difference between 18500 and 26500 batteries

    What is the difference between 18500 and 26500 batteries? The answer above is 18650. The person asking the question should ask what is the difference between 18505 and 26500 batteries. In the case of Fuant ER1
    08-02
  • What does 3.7V 80mAh written on a lithium battery mean?

    What does 3.7V 80mAh written on a lithium battery mean? 3.7 V, 80 mA = 0.08 A, H means 1 hour, or 3600 seconds. Taken together, it is
    08-02
  • How long does a lithium battery (cell phone battery) last?

    How long does a lithium battery (cell phone battery) last? The lifespan of mobile phone batteries, under normal conditions of use and without serious impact, the lifespan set by the manufacturer must be 5 years.
    08-02
  • Will lithium batteries explode when charging?

    Will lithium batteries explode when charged? Will lithium batteries explode when charged? Lithium battery explosions usually occur during the charging process, because the negative electrode material of lithium batteries is graphite or other carbon materi
    08-02
  • Parameters of lgdas31865 lithium battery

    Parameters of lgdas31865 lithium battery The parameters of lgdas31865 lithium battery are as follows: LGDAS31865 is a model 18650 lithium battery with a capacity of
    08-02
  • What are the main components of lithium battery electrolyte?

    What are the main components of lithium battery electrolyte? The composition of lithium battery electrolyte is shown below. 1. Ethylene carbonate: molecular formula C3H4O3. Colorless transparent liquid (>35℃), room temperature
    08-02
  • Who are the lithium battery manufacturers in Shandong?

    What are the lithium battery manufacturers in Shandong? Shandong Shengyang Power Supply Co., Ltd. and Shandong Weineng Environmental Protection Power Technology Co., Ltd. 1. Shandong Shengyang Power Supply Co., Ltd. is located in Shengyang, Qufu City.
    08-02
  • Types of drone batteries available in 2024

    Part 1. Types of drone batteries available in 2024In 2024, drone batteries have advanced significantly, offering a range of options to cater to various needs in
    07-30
  • How long does it take to charge 26650 battery?

    How long does it take to charge a 26650 battery? The charging time for a 26650 battery is generally between 3 and 6 hours, but the precise time depends on the power of the charger and the capacity of the battery. in general
    08-02
  • For what?Sure, here's an article based on the phrase "For what?

    The simple yet profound question, "For what?" often serves as a gateway to deeper reflections on purpose and intention. It is a query that invites us to delve into the reasons behind actions, decisions, and circumstances that shape our lives and the wor
    08-02
  • Choosing the Right Cart Battery

    This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need about cart batteries, from understanding different types to making an informed purchase decision.
    08-02
  • 30mAh~500mAh 3.7 V Li-ion Battery

    Welcome to Ufine's collection of 3.7V lithium-ion batteries ranging from 30mAh to 500mAh. Explore a diverse range of compact and lightweight batteries suitable for various electronic devices,
    08-02
  • Here are 10 essential facts about drone batteries for 2024.

    10 Key Facts About Drone Battery for 2024 In 2024, drone batteries have advanced significantly, offering a range of options to cater to various needs in the consumer, commercial, and industrial sectors. Below are the primary types of drone batteries avai
    08-02
  • Could you please explain the difference among IMR, ICR, INR, and IFR 18650 batteries?

    What is the Difference Between IMR, ICR, INR, and IFR 18650 Battery?In 18650 batteries, discerning the differences among IMR, ICR, INR, and IFR types is fundamental for tailored and efficient battery usage. These distinct
    08-02
  • Safety considerations for cart batteries

    Selecting the ideal cart battery is crucial for ensuring optimal performance and longevity of your electric vehicle or vaping device. This comprehensive guide w
    08-01