There are many forms of motors, but their operating principles are all based on the law of electromagnetic induction and the law of electromagnetic force. Therefore, the general principle of its construction is: using suitable magnetic and conductive materials to form magnetic circuits and circuits that conduct electromagnetic induction among themselves to generate electromagnetic energy and achieve the conversion goal of energy. According to the different starting and working modes of motors, they can be divided into single-phase capacitor-started asynchronous motors, single-phase capacitor-started asynchronous motors, single-phase capacitor-started asynchronous motors, single-phase split motors. phase asynchronous motors and three-phase motors.
According to the rotor structure, the motor can be divided into cage induction motor, which is the one you use (the old standard est called squirrel cage asynchronous motor) and wound rotor induction motor (old standard The standard is called wound type asynchronous motor). A squirrel cage is a closed coil.
(1) When a three-phase asynchronous motor is connected to a three-phase AC supply (each phase differs by 120 degrees in electrical angle), the three-phase stator winding passes through the three-phase circuit. phase symmetrical current and generates the three-phase magnetomotive force (rotating magnetomotive force of the stator) and generates a rotating magnetic field, which rotates clockwise along the inner circular space of the stator and rotor at a synchronous speed.
(2) The rotating magnetic field and the rotor conductor have relative cutting motion. According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, the rotor conductor (rotor winding is a closed path) generates induced electromotive force and electromotive force induction. induced current (the direction of the induced electromotive force is determined with the right hand) Then judge).
(3) According to the law of electromagnetic force, under the action of the induced electromotive force, an induced current will be generated in the rotor conductor which is basically consistent with the direction of the induced electromotive force . The current-carrying rotor conductor is affected by the electromagnetic force in the magnetic field generated by the stator (the direction of the force is determined by the left-hand rule. The electromagnetic force forms an electromagnetic torque on the motor rotor shaft , driving the rotor). The motor rotor rotates in the direction of the rotating magnetic field when the motor when there is a mechanical load on the shaft, the mechanical energy is emitted outward. Since the magnetic flux in the room without a short circuit ring is ahead of the magnetic flux in the room with annshort circuit water, the direction of rotation of the motor is the same as the direction of the rotating magnetic field.
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