The water flow is 1 m^3/s and the head is 5 meters. This means that 1 cubic meter of water (i.e. 1 ton) falls from a height of 5 meters per second, and 1,000 × g × h. =5×10^ per second. 4J of potential energy is converted into kinetic energy and enters the generator, i.e. generator input power = 5×10^4W, hence output power = 2.5×10^ 4W
The power loss in the transmission line is 5% of the generator output power, then the power loss in the transmission line = 1250 W = RI^2
I=17.68A
The output power of the generator minus the loss on the transmission line = the power at the end of the transmission line = 23750W< /p>
The current at the end of the transmission line is consistent with the current on the transmission line, which is 17.68 A, so the voltage at the end of the transmission line = 23750/17.68 = 1343.33 V,
The transformation ratioon of the step-down transformer = 1343.33/220=6.1:1
The transformation ratio of the step-up transformer cannot be obtained because the output voltage of the generator can be changed by adjusting the current of excitation, that is, the same generator can have the same output. There may be different output voltages depending on the power.