In the 1920s, an American writer named Hugo Gernsback predicted in his science fiction novel that in more than 700 years, people will be able to sit at home and watch performances 6 kilometers away at the Theater National. His prediction represented the wish of many people at that time. By this time, the telegraph and telephone had been invented in the world, and photography had also developed significantly. So naturally someone thought of designing a machine that would use electricity to transmit images of objects with the flip of a switch. being able to display what we need.
However, because this idea was so magical, it was considered a myth at the time like “The Arabian Nights.” At the time, Hugo Gernsback's prediction was considered bold. However, this writer did not expect that science and technologyModern ie are developing so quickly that it would take 700 years. After only a few decades, reality has far exceeded his imagination. Now, not to mention performances in theaters 6 kilometers from our homes, we can clearly see even human activities on the distant moon from our homes.
How does this myth come true? Our readers will almost unanimously answer: “Through television!” » Yes, so who invented television?
It's Baird.
On October 2, 1925, in a department store in London, England, to cries of "Great, great!", a disheveled and naked man came down the stairs. I saw him grab Taiton, a 15 year old boy, who was in the store and push him upstairs without any explanation.
Taiton was trembling with fear when he faced this crazy person, but this person simply asked him to sit down, then opened a large disk, a drum and a vibrating mirror in front of him.t him. A strange machine made. until. While Taiton was wondering, an even stranger phenomenon appeared: there was a flat surface like a movie screen next to him. With the sound of the machine starting, a human face appeared on the flat surface, with an expression of surprise. When he discovered that it was his own face, Taiton was so shocked that he could not even speak.
This “madman” was the British inventor Baird. The strange machine with the big disk was the world's first mechanical television, and Taiton was the world's first television. The disk was a scanning disk that scanned Tyton and projected its image onto the receiver's flat screen.
The development of science and technology is inherited. Before Baird invented television, people had invented radio transmission technology, facsimile technology, and facsimile technology. The television ist developed on the basis of these technologies, notably the emergence of fax technology, which created the conditions for the birth of television.
The principles of fax technology are not very difficult to understand. As we all know, no matter how complex the content of an image is, it can be broken down into many small black dots. If you use a magnifying glass to look at the photos printed in the newspaper, you will clearly see that the images in the photos are originally composed of small black dots.de. The same goes for faxes. People use the method of dividing an image into hundreds of thousands of small black dots and using electron beams to scan them one by one, like when we read a book, starting at the top left corner. and going word by word. Read word by word, line by line, then convert the scanned information into electrical signals andsend them. Once the receiver has received the electrical signal, it outputs it to the corresponding small black dots and the original image is obtained.
So, can a similar principle be used to transmit moving images? In 1923, Baird began working on this invention.
It has certain advantages for this job. Baird had a strong interest in science since he was a child, and he loved playing with technology since he was a child. He once made a telephone exchange alone to communicate with friends, he also installed a small generator in his house and used it. tap water in the kitchen to operate a water wheel. Charging the battery. In 1906, the 26-year-old Baird entered the Royal Institute of Technology to study electronic engineering, particularly extensive research into the principles of selenium photoelectricity, which laid a solid foundation for his research.are on television. Additionally, at that time, with improved high-frequency circuits and photoelectric tubes, people were able to transmit graphic telegrams and photos by fax relatively clearly. There are also people who started researching television and gained some experience, which also served as the basis for Baird's invention.
However, Baird also has a near-fatal disadvantage: poverty. He had no funds or sponsors, so he had to do it himself and started inventing and researching in primitive conditions that are incredible for today's people. Thus, a sink frame in the simple dormitory where he lived became the basic element of his experimental equipment; it was connected to an old tea box, and on top of the box was a machine picked up from the trash pile behind the appliance store. An electric motor forre turn the "scan disk" with a small spiral hole made from an old hat box lid. These small holes are used to divide the scene into many small black dots with different levels of light and dark and emit them.
Additionally, there is a simply made projection lamp in an old cookie tin, several lenses purchased from a bicycle shop, parts removed from a discarded telegraph, etc. These old and disordered objects, linked together by dense threads, became Baird's experimental device.
Do not underestimate this device, which looks like a pile of scrap metal, Baird used it to successfully transmit the image of a crossed flower using wires in the spring of 1924. Although the emission distance is only 3 meters, the image flickers and only a rough outline can be seen. But after all, this is the first physical image emitted by hhumans through television technology.
The real success came more than a year later. On the day mentioned at the beginning of this article, Baird completed a modification of his installation in his residence above the department store. During the test, he was so excited that he shivered with excitement: on the receiver, the head and facial features of the puppet "Bill" as the throwing target were clearly displayed, and even the eyelashes were visible! “Great, find a live Bill soon!” De jumped up, ran down the stairs and acted out the scene I just mentioned.
Almost at the same time, the American scientist James also made significant progress in television research. In May 1926, James experimented with radio transmission of images of moving windmills in suburban Washington. People 10 kilometers away miraculously saw the image of the windmill spinning slowly.t on television receivers. Shortly after, James used television to broadcast the event, which was also successful. On November 2, 1936, the British Broadcasting Corporation used Baird's mechanical television system and radio transmission to officially open the world's first television station in London.
Television, this beautiful myth which was once so far from us, has finally become reality.