Development status and trends of energy storage technology
Energy storage involves a wide range of fields. According to the form of energy involved in the energy storage process, energy storage technology can be divided into physical energy storage. and chemical energy storage. Physical energy storage is the storage of energy through physical changes and can be divided into gravity energy storage, elastic energy storage, kinetic energy storage, cold and heat storage, storage superconductor energy and supercapacitor energy storage. Among them, superconducting energy storage is the only technology that directly stores electric current. Chemical energy storage is the storage of energy in substances through chemical modifications, including secondary battery energy storage, battery energy storageflow, hydrogen energy storage, compound energy storage, metal energy storage, etc. Electrochemical energy storage is a general battery-type energy storage. name.
When renewable energy becomes the market mainstream, energy security becomes a new challenge, whether it is the security and energy density of the energy storage technology itself. even after large-scale or secondary energy storage setup caused by disasters. Due to the possibility of disasters, existing energy storage technologies are still not up to the task of undertaking very large-scale strategic energy reserves. From the perspective of energy density, the most likely future technology direction of ultra-large-scale energy storage is pure chemical energy storage, such as hydrogen energy storage, hydrogen energy storage,methanol energy, metal energy storage, etc. Large energy companies have certain resource advantages in developing very large-scale energy storage technologies, which can be used to undertake most energy security tasks.
Pumped hydroelectricity, an energy storage technology. That is, water is used as an energy storage medium to realize the storage and management of electrical energy through the mutual conversion of electrical energy and potential energy. Electrical energy during the low power charging period is used to pump water to the upper reservoir, and then the water is released to the lower tank to generate electricity during the maximum power charging period. It can convert excess electrical energy when the grid load is low into large electrical energy.value during peak network periods. It is suitable for frequency modulation and phase modulation, stabilizing the frequency and voltage of the power system, and can also improve the efficiency of thermal and nuclear power plants in the system.
A hydroelectric power station, full name for a hydroelectric power station, is a plant that converts the potential energy and kinetic energy of water into electrical energy. Its basic production process is: diverting water from high areas of the river or other reservoirs, using water pressure or flow to rotate the turbine, converting gravitational potential energy and l kinetic energy into mechanical energy, then the turbine turns the generator, converting the mechanical energy into electrical energy.