Water has surface tension. What can you do with this property of water?
Insects use surface tension to float on water. Underground stems use phenomena to transport water and nutrients. Liquids can use surface tension to take on a spherical shape. Humans can use surface tension to automatically increase the liquid state, making the density very high. Large objects float.
During my morning exercises, I observed water droplets left on the leaves of flowers and plants by the roadside. These water droplets are oval or spherical. Especially on lotus leaves, the water droplets will continue to sway with the leaves, turning over and over on the leaves, and the shape will change, but basically you can see that the shape tends towards the angle of a sphere. Water droplets do not spreadgent not and form a layer of shrinkage water on the surface of the leaves.
We sometimes put water in a cup. When the water reaches the neck of the bottle, more water can still be added. The water obviously needs to be higher than the neck of the bottle and it won't be. overflow. In fact, everyone can understand this situation based on surface tension.
So what is surface tension? How do they produce the appearance of such forces? According to modern physics, the concept of surface tension is: The force that promotes the convergence of the liquid surface is called surface tension. The surface of the liquid is adjacent to the middle of two parts and the force pulls each other in a unit length.
The direction of surface tension intersects the liquid level and is perpendicular to the line of intersection of the two parts. If the liquid leveluide is a plane, the surface tension is on this plane. an inclined plane, the surface tension Just on the cross section of this inclined plane. It is customary for people to call the interface between gas and liquid, gas and solid objects, the surface.
Generally, due to differences in the natural environment, molecules on the surface and molecules inside the object (liquid water groups also belong to an object) support different forces. The coforce between a water molecule inside a body of water and the interaction force between surrounding water molecules is zero. But this is not the case for a water molecule on the surface. Since water molecules in the upper space are less attracted to it than molecules in the internal liquid, the co-force on the molecule is not equal to zero. The direction of the force is directed vertically towards the interior of the liquid, resulting ina tendency towards an automatic reduction in the surface area of the liquid. This shrinking force is called surface tension.
When water molecules volatilize into fine particles, their surface expands and many internal water molecules move toward the surface. These dispersed molecules have more surface energy. To break away from this surface, molecules must overcome the constraints of this surface energy. Surface tension is a characteristic of chemical substances and its size is related to the temperature and properties of two different substances.
Surface tension is a major manifestation of molecular forces. This occurs at the boundary between liquid and gas, liquid and solid. Indeed, the liquid molecules of the surface layer are in a particular situation. The molecules inside the liquid are basically close to each other and the moleculesoften maintain a stable distance. Opposing molecules attract each other if they are slightly further apart and repel each other if they are slightly closer. This determines that liquid molecules do not propagate infinitely like gas molecules, but can only vibrate and rotate around the equilibrium position.
Molecules near the surface of the liquid are only affected by the effects of molecules inside the liquid, and their carrying capacity is uneven, allowing molecules with relatively high speed to pass through liquid easily. liquid level and turn into vapor. As a result, the molecules on the surface of the liquid (the molecular distribution of liquid chromatography (liquid chromatography in contact with gas) is less dense than the internal molecular distribution.
This is also relative to the regions molecules inside the liquid, which are in a situationsingle ion. The repulsive forces between molecules in the surface layer decrease as the distance between them increases, and the attractive force between molecules prevails in this single layer.
The direct driving force between any two parts of this surface layer promotes the tendency of the liquid surface layer to shrink. Due to the effect of surface tension, the liquid surface always tends to become as small as possible. therefore the liquid in the air Small liquids generally take the shape of spheres. The expression of this surface tension can seem very difficult to understand for some lay people.