Fruits contain a high amount of electrolytes (meaning they contain positively and negatively charged ions). For example, apples and bananas are rich in potassium ions, which are positively charged, and they also contain negatively charged ions. Like chloride ions, if a piece of copper or a piece of zinc is inserted into a fruit, there will be a substitution reaction mentioned in chemistry class, or in simple terms, the positive and negative charges will gather on the piece copper and zinc. piece respectively, so there will be a gap between the two metal pieces of the fruit.
For example, apples and potatoes are good conductors of electricity. You can also use juice or vinegar as a conductor instead of fruit. This handcrafted battery can power many common household items, such as LEDs and calculators.
Detailed information:
The conductivity process of lemon. When acid is dissolved in water, the water can conduct electricity more easily if the acid solution is connected to a circuit. will become an electrolyte. However, anhydrous acids do not conduct electricity. So water is the actual conductor and acid is used to generate electrons. When copper comes into contact with air, a black copper oxide film forms on the surface.
When a copper nail is inserted into a lemon, the hydrogen ions in the lemon's acidic solution will react with the oxygen in the copper oxide to form water and copper who has lost his oxygen will become alone. of charged ions - copper ions. Compared to copper, metallic zinc reacts more intensely with acid. It releases free zinc ions and 2 free electronsin the acid solution.
The two electrons will swim towards the positively charged copper ions and neutralize them. The entire conduction process releases energy. But there is a defect in fruit batteries, that is, the structure inside the fruit blocks the flow of ions. It should be noted that the fruit itself does not generate electricity, it just helps the current flow and forms a loop.
If there are only a few fruits in the circuit, the current generated will not be too great. If you want to create a larger current, it is better to add some fruits, so that the electricity generated can light the bulb.
How do fruits produce electricity?
1. Crops and water are inseparable. Crops can grow well thanks to water.
2. Water can help people generate electricity.
3. Water can irrigate crops and make plants growcultures more effectively.
4. The water can be used for cooking and washing vegetables.
5. Water can remove dirt on the body and wash clothes.
6. Water is the main component of human body fluids and all life activities come from water. When the human body is dehydrated, it can cause dry mouth, wrinkles on the skin, confusion, etc. Water plays an important role in the metabolism of the human body.
Detailed information:
1. What is the impact of water pollution on industrial and agricultural production?
Industrial and agricultural production not only requires sufficient water, but also requires certain water quality requirements. water. Otherwise, it will cause great losses to industry and agriculture, especially the usen polluted water in the process of industrial and agricultural production, which will cause serious harm to human beings.
Industrial equipment will be damaged and product quality will be seriously affected. This changes the chemical composition of the soil and reduces its fertility, leading to reduced crop yields and serious pollution. Allow cities to increase wastewater treatment costs for domestic and industrial water.
2. What harm does water pollution cause to aquatic life?
A variety of aquatic animals and plants live in water. There are complex exchanges of matter and energy between organisms and water, and between organisms, maintaining a dynamic equilibrium relationship in terms of quantity. But under the influence of human activities, this balance has been destroyed.
Operational difficulty: ★★
Experimental method:
Take a pAs a ripe apple, insert a copper wire and a knife into the apple 2 to 3 cm deep, so that the copper wire and the knife are about 1 cm apart and do not touch each other.
Connect one end of the earphone wire to the copper wire, and the other end is in intermittent contact with the knife, and you will hear a “click” from the earphone.
Take down the earphones, connect the other two wires to the copper wire and the knife, then place the other ends on your tongue, but don't let them touch each other. At that time your language will be strange. All this proves that the current generated by Apple passes through the headphones and your tongue.
Replace apples with tomatoes and lemons, repeat the experiment above and you will find that they can all produce electric current.
You might say: "With such a small current, even small electric beads can't light up, that's not exciting." WellIn, let's make a big battery and light up the little electric beads.
Take 12 larger potatoes, 12 zinc leaves and 12 copper leaves. Zinc sheets can be cut from the outer skin of old batteries. If there is no copper foil, a thin copper wire can be wrapped tightly around the small piece of wood. If the copper wire is enameled wire, the paint must be scraped off. Insert a piece of zinc and a piece of copper spaced 1 cm apart on each potato. Then use wires to connect the copper piece from one potato to the zinc piece from the other potato.
Now connect the head and tail connectors to the small 1.5 volt electrical bead. And there you have it, the little electric bead lights up.
Extension of knowledge:
In fact, not only fruits and vegetables can produce electricity, but also the difference between temperaturesHot and cold temperatures can produce electricity. Take two thicker copper wires and an iron wire about 30 cm long. Scrape the insulating paint on both ends of each copper wire, then firmly connect the two ends of the iron wire with one end of the two copper wires. Use wires to connect the other ends of the two copper wires to the two terminals of the sensitive galvanometer.
Now put a joint of the wire in the beaker containing the ice-water mixture and keep it cold; Put a joint on the flame of an alcohol lamp and heat it to very high temperature. At this time, the galvanometer needle deviated significantly, indicating that a current was being generated in the circuit.
This phenomenon has aroused great interest among scientists. Further experiments proved that the size of the generated current is related to the properties of the two connected metals and the temperature difference inbe the two points of connection. This phenomenon was therefore quickly used to measure temperature and made it possible to manufacture an extremely sensitive thermometer. Scientists are still studying the use of temperature differences between the ocean surface and deep layers to build thermoelectric power plants.
Interestingly, if the ammeter is replaced with a battery, the other ends of the two copper wires are connected to the two poles of the battery via wires. Then the initially hot joint will release heat and the temperature will drop; the initially cold joint will absorb heat and the temperature will increase. This phenomenon has been used by scientists to create refrigerators.