Electricity generation methods include: thermal power generation, hydroelectric power generation, nuclear power generation, wind power generation, geothermal power generation, etc.
Power generation refers to the production process of using power generation devices to convert raw energy such as water energy, thermal energy from petrochemical fuels (coal, oil, natural gas), nuclear energy, etc. .in electrical energy.
Electricity generation is used to meet the needs of various departments of the national economy and people's lives.
Nowadays, fossil fuels are still used as the main form of electricity generation, but fossil fuel resources are not plentiful and are becoming increasingly depleted. Human beings have graduallystarted using solar energy, wind energy and geothermal energy. , ocean energy and other energy sources to generate electricity.
How to use water to produce electricity?
When the gravitational potential energy of water is converted into kinetic energy, the water chases the turbine and the turbine starts rotating if we connect the generator to the turbine, the generator can start producing electricity. we raise the water level to flush the water turbine, it can be seen that the rotation speed of the water turbine increases. Therefore, it can be seen that the greater the water level difference, the greater the kinetic energy obtained by the water turbine, and. the higher the electrical energy that can be converted. This is the basic principle of hydroelectric production.
The energy conversion process is as follows: upstream water Potential energy gravitational energy is converted into kinetic energy of the water flow. the water flow passes through the water turbine, the kinetic energy is transferred to the steam turbine. The water turbine drives the generator to rotate and convert kinetic energy into electrical energy. It is therefore the process of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Due to the natural conditions of the hydroelectric plant, which are different from each other, the capacity and speed of the hydrogenerator group vary considerably. Usually, small hydrogenerators and high-speed hydrogenerators are impact driven. turbines mainly adopt horizontal structures, while large and medium-sized speed generators mainly use horizontal structures. Since most hydroelectric plants are located far from cities, they usually have to supply the load via long linestransmission. , the electrical system places higher demands on the stability of operation of the hydroelectric generator: the engine parameters must be carefully selected. It requires a high rotational inertia of the rotor. The appearance of the hydrogenerator is therefore different from that of the steam generator. Turbine generator. Its rotor has a large diameter and a short length. The hydrogenerator unit takes longer to start and connect to the grid, and the operating time is shorter. Flexible distribution, in addition to general electricity generation, it is particularly suitable. as a peak shaving unit and emergency backup unit.
Hydroelectric generation uses the mechanical energy of flowing water to produce electricity. The flowing water drives the turbine, causing the generator's magnetic windings to rotate, producing a changing magnetic field that induces infollowing current through the surrounding coil windings, so that the generator emits electricity.
In order to obtain a greater flow of energy to push the turbine, the water flow acting on the turbine must have greater potential energy. The faster the water flow and the greater the head, the greater the potential energy of the water flow and the greater the kinetic energy obtained by converting the potential energy by the turbine.
People can use the difference in height of rivers or natural waterfalls to generate electricity. However, there are not many rivers or waterfalls with large drops on the earth, and the river water is divided into flood period and dry water period, so it is impossible to obtain a stable electricity production.
So people use artificial methods to increase the fall and flow of water. Speed, that is, building embankments in the narrowest sections of the river to retain water and allow river water to flow from the high embankments to drive the turbines to produce electricity. For example, the aforementioned Three Gorges, Gezhouba and Xiaolangdi are all large hydroelectric power stations. In addition, on small rivers in some mountainous areas, small hydroelectric power stations equipped with small turbines can be built to solve the problem of electricity consumption of dispersed populations. Compared with other electricity generation methods, hydropower has the characteristics of low cost, low pollution and low electricity price.
Manman Dam