At standard atmospheric pressure, the lowest temperature of water vapor is 100 degrees. If it continues to give off heat at 100 degrees, it will start to condense into liquid water. If it is above 100 degrees, it can be reached at any temperature.
The maximum temperature of water vapor can well exceed 384°C. For example, the superheated steam used in thermal power plants to produce electricity is around 800°C, because water vapor itself is a gas.
Real water vapor is colorless and transparent. The white water vapor we see is not water vapor. It is a water mist formed by the liquefaction of water vapor when it encounters cold.
Steam burns are very serious. If you are slightly burned by hot water, they will turn red or you could get chickenpox.
Indetailed information:
When a liquid evaporates in a limited closed space , liquid molecules enter the space above through the liquid surface and become vapor molecules. Since the vapor molecules are in chaotic thermal motion, they collide with each other, with the wall of the container, and with the surface of the liquid. When they collide with the liquid surface, some molecules are attracted to the liquid molecules and return to the liquid to become liquid molecules.
When evaporation begins, the number of molecules entering the space is greater than the number of molecules returning to the liquid. As evaporation continues, the density of vapor molecules in space continues to increase, so the number of vapor molecules in space continues to increase. molecules revenant to the liquid also increases.
When the number of molecules entering space per unit time is equal to the number of molecules returning to liquid, evaporation and condensation are in a state of dynamic equilibrium at that time , although evaporation and condensation are. still in progress, the vapor molecules in space The density no longer increases, and the state at this time is called the saturation state. A saturated liquid is called saturated liquid and its vapor is called saturated dry vapor (also called saturated vapor).
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Why do generators use superheated steam
Water vapor is water gaseous, colorless and odorless. It is transparent. visible light and is also a molecule. The molecular formula is H2O. The temperature of the water vapor is notnot sure. At standard atmospheric pressure, the boiling point of water is 100 degrees Celsius. steam under standard pressure. Of course, this does not mean that water vapor does not exist at room temperature. Additionally, water will ionize at extremely high temperatures and become plasma. At this point it should not be called water vapor.
First of all, it must be clear that the generator is only one component of the generator set. Power generation equipment that uses superheated steam is called a steam turbine generator, consisting of a steam turbine and a generator. Steam turbines use the thermal energy of the steam to convert it into the kinetic energy of the rotor, which then drives the generator rotor to produce electricity.
As for what superheated steam is used for, you first need to know two concepts: saturated steam andsuperheated steam. Simply put, superheated steam is reheated based on saturated steam. The characteristic of saturated steam is that its temperature is at the boiling point and it will condense into water when cooled (for example, water vapor at 100°C under standard atmospheric pressure is saturated steam) . But superheated steam won't. Once the superheated steam has run and cooled, it will still be a gas. This effectively protects the steam turbine, as the impact of condensation water is very detrimental to the safety of the unit.
For more details, you need to look at thermodynamic engineering knowledge. I'm just speaking in general terms.
PS: I am engaged in power plant design