Hydroelectric power generation is equipped with a water turbine that turns the generator rotor (and forms a rotating magnetic field), and the fixed stator bar cuts the magnetic lines to form the terminal voltage when the unit is connected to the electrical system. , its mechanical rotational energy is converted into electrical energy. The mechanical energy of rotation is converted from the energy of water. From a macro perspective, water energy can be divided into kinetic energy, potential energy (pressure energy), etc.
Hydraulic turbines are classified into two categories: counterattack type and impact type. The counterattack type mainly converts the water pressure energy into the rotational mechanical energy of the turbine shaft, and the impact type mainly converts the kinetic energy. of water in the mechanical energy of rotation of the turbine.
There is a certain gapbetween the water storage in the upstream door and the downstream turbine. The water flow pushes the turbine to drive the generator, converting the kinetic energy into electrical energy, then incoming. electricity into the electrical network via the transformer. Hydroelectric generation requires two necessary conditions, one is sufficient height difference and the other is sufficient flow. This is why almost all large and medium-sized hydroelectric plants are built in the southwest.
The process of energy transfer and conversion in the principle of hydroelectric generation:
Water is at a high level and has gravitational potential energy.
As water flows downward, gravitational potential energy is converted to kinetic energy.
Water impacts the waterwheel of the generator, causing the waterwheel to rotate. The water wheel drives the rotation of thegenerator, and the generator converts the mechanical rotational energy into electrical energy.