It is difficult to have an exact value of the impact of the water replenishment rate on the rate of coal consumption in electricity production. Because it is difficult to determine the proportion of steam and water losses in the water supply to a unit or power plant. According to speculation, it is estimated that a 1% increase in the water replenishment rate will affect the coal consumption rate for electricity generation by approximately 3 g/kW·h.
Water replenishment rate for power generation:
Water replenishment rate for power generation includes: steam and water loss rate , the water replenishment rate of the air cooling tower, the blowdown loss rate of the boiler, the self-utilization of the power plant. steam loss rate, start-up rate of boilers and steam turbines. Steam discharge loss rater and water, accidental water discharge loss rate, etc.
Water replenishment rate excluding electricity production:
The water replenishment rate excluding electricity production includes: steam for oil areas outside the production area the factory, direct heating for production excluding electricity production outside the factory area. factory area, steam for canteens and toilets outside the factory area, etc.
Detailed information
Operation standards
1. Normal start-up, shutdown and normal operation of the unit line switch Normal start-up, shutdown and The line switch has a high frequency of power-off and power-on operations. The power plant has developed standard and unified typical operating tickets for normal start-up and shutdown of the unit, as well as for shutdown and power transmission of the outgoing line,and improved and refined them, thereby standardizing operating standards and shortening operating time.
After receiving the operation order, the operator can complete the filling and review of the operation ticket in a short time after checking the order and checking the equipment, then operate item by item according to the steps indicated on the operation ticket, and the operation The order is only authorized to the value leader.
2. The busbar switching operation is standardized. There are many devices associated with busbar switching operation, and the power flow mode of the system needs to be further considered. it is difficult to create a unified standard operation ticket. To this end, the power plant has formulated implementation standards suitable for busbar switching operations, based on long-term operating experience and exploit requirementsreal ation.
Most busbar switching operations of 110 kV and above are predictable switching operations. According to the specific requirements, a detailed operation plan should be established in advance, a complete switching operation ticket should be prepared and. operators should be reasonably organized and prepare accident forecasts for the switching operation to ensure the quality of the operation and not delay the operation time.
For the switching operation of the power system of the power plant below 110 kV, the standard switching operation procedure and the corresponding operation ticket can be prepared according to the state and possible operating elements of the power plant's electrical system, and integrated into it. to the operation ticket execution system of the power plant management information system (MIS). In this way, heIt is possible to effectively avoid the power loss of important auxiliary equipment of the unit which threatens the safe operation of the unit during the switching operation of the electrical system of the plant.
References:
References:
Approximately how much water does the boiler of a thermal power plant evaporate per second?
Units with different capacities are different in different regions and seasons, so there is no way to calculate the “rate”. Let me give you a "quantitative" data, which is the data I used recently: a small steam turbine generator, 3 MW, evaporation and wind loss from the cooling tower: 18 .6 cubic meters/hour.
Thisis not a fixed value, it changes when the capacity (boiler or generator) changes. The unit of capacity of a steam boiler is T/h, which corresponds to the amount of evaporation per hour and not seconds. Theoretically, it takes a ton of water to evaporate a ton of steam, which is the law of conservation of matter. However, because the operation of the boiler requires factors such as wastewater discharge and leakage, as well as some physical factors, the direct consumption of water to evaporate one ton of steam, i.e. consumption of water entering the boiler, is greater than the evaporation capacity, and generally does not exceed 1.2 tonnes.