The conversion rate of hydroelectricity is double.
The first consists of purely calculating the efficiency of the conversion of the potential energy of water into electrical energy, that is to say of the conversion of the potential energy of water into the kinetic energy of water. loss of water channel here, and the efficiency is about 95%. It is then converted into the kinetic energy of the turbine, where the efficiency of the turbine is approximately 90%. It is then converted into the kinetic energy of the generator, where there is virtually no loss. It is then converted into electrical energy. where it is around 95%. Taken together at the outlet of the hydroelectric plant, the efficiency is generally 80%. Then, converted to real energy efficient for end users, there is a huge gap. A small, isolated power grid can be as low as less than 50%, while a large power grid can be as low as 85%.
Another concept of efficiency is the efficiency of total installed capacity. Generally, the rated capacity is the maximum water height and flow rate, but in fact, due to the influence of dry periods, peak load regulation of the power grid, regular maintenance, etc. , the average annual electricity production is typically about 40% of that of water. design value.
The formula for the power of a hydroelectric plant: N=9.81QHη
In the formula, N is the power of the hydroelectric plant (kW); Q is the power; reference flow (m3/s); H is the height of purified water (m) (see water height of the hydroelectric power station); eta is the total efficiency of the hydroelectric production unit, and its value is 0.70 to 0.90.
The annual electricity production of hydroelectric power plants is not calculated based on installed capacity, but based on volumeof water. The amount of water used by the reservoir for electricity production over the course of a year can be recalculated to calculate the annual electricity production. The installed capacity of hydroelectric plants is calculated on the basis of the average maximum flow.
Detailed information:
The electrical power of a period is equal to the power average of the period multiplied by the number of hours of the period.
When the proportion of hydropower in the power system is large and there is a large amount of seasonal energy, the available power of the hydropower plant may not necessarily be fully utilized by the system electrical, which leads to water loss. power. From this, the available power of the hydroelectric plant can be calculated, after deducting the electricity consumption of the hydroelectric plant and the peryour energy transport and transformation before going online, this is the effective power supply to the hydroelectric plant. The electricity produced by hydropower plants provides an important basis for calculating the benefits of electricity production from hydropower plants.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Electricity production by hydroelectric power plant