Solar power plant: It is a factory that uses solar energy to produce electricity. It uses photovoltaic technology to convert solar energy into electrical energy and operates using a power generation system. Solar water heater: It is a heating device that converts solar energy into thermal energy, heating water from low temperature to high temperature to meet people's use of hot water in life and production. Solar panel: It is a device that absorbs sunlight and converts the energy of solar radiation directly or indirectly into electrical energy by photoelectric effect or photochemical effect. The main material of most solar panels is “silicon”.
1. Solar Power Plant: It is a factory that uses solar energy to produce electricity. It uses photovoltaic technology to convert energysolar energy into electrical energy and operates thanks to an electricity production system.
2. Solar water heater: It is a heating device that converts solar energy into thermal energy, heating water from low temperature to high temperature to meet usage hot water by people in life and production.
3. Solar Panel: It is a device that absorbs sunlight and converts the energy of solar radiation directly or indirectly into electrical energy by photoelectric effect or photochemical effect. The main material of most solar panels is "silicon". .
Principles of solar water heaters
The principles of solar power generation are basically the same. Now crystalline silicon is used as an example to describe how it works. photovoltaic energy production process. P-type crystalline silicon can be doped with phosphorus to obtain N-type silicon, forming a PN junction. When light irradiates the surface of the solar cell, part of the photons are absorbed by the silicon material;
The energy of the photons is transferred to the silicon atoms, causing the electrons to transition and transform in free electrons which gather on both sides of the P-N junction to form a potential difference, when the external circuit is connected, under the action of this voltage, a current will flow through the external circuit to produce a certain output power .
Photovoltaic power generation is a direct power generation method that uses solar-grade solid-state electronic devices to efficiently absorb energy from solar radiation and convert it into electrical energy. It is now the mainstream of solar energy production. In energy productionphotochemical, currently there are electrochemical photovoltaic cells, photoelectrolytic cells and photocatalytic cells.
Detailed Information
Solar power generation has many unique advantages:
1. Solar energy is inexhaustible and can be used in an inexhaustible and clean way. Solar energy and solar photovoltaic power generation are safe and reliable, and will not be affected by energy crises and fuel market instability;
2. The sun shines on the earth and photovoltaic solar energy is available everywhere. power generation is particularly suitable for remote areas without electricity and will reduce energy losses during the construction of long-distance power networks and transmission lines;
3. Solar power generation does not require a lot of fuel. reduce operating costsn;< /p>
4. In addition to the tracking type, photovoltaic solar power generation has no moving parts, so it is not easy to damage, is relatively easy to install, and is simple to maintain;< /p>
5. Solar energyThe production of photovoltaic energy produces no waste and does not produce noise, greenhouse gases or toxic gases. It is an ideal clean energy source. Installing a 1kW photovoltaic power generation system can reduce CO2600~2300kg, NOx16kg, SOx9kg and other particulate matter emissions by 0.6kg per year.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Solar Power Generation
Working principle of solar water heater 1. Cold water enters the solar water heater through the pipe and passes through the heat collecting plate, which can collect solar energy, convert solar energy into thermal energy, and then heat cold water. Since the density of eaIf cold water is higher than that of hot water, hot water will automatically rise, then form circulating power. The water will gradually heat up on the heat collecting plate. After reaching a certain temperature, it can enter. the hot water tank. Those who need hot water will be able to get hot water at any time. Heating Figure 2. In fact, the principle of solar water heaters mainly includes the following two principles: (1) The principle of water circulation, that is, the water flows automatically. This is based on the fact that cold water is denser than hot water. Cold water flows and hot water rises, forming natural convection that gradually heats the water in the water tank until it reaches the set water temperature. When the intensity of the sun is not sufficient to meet circulation needs, a water pump can be added to the circuit closed water circulation to obtain forced circulation. (2) Collector heat absorption principle: There is a special coating on the collector surface of the solar water heater. This coating has a high absorption rate in the visible range of solar energy. After absorbing it in the form of heat, heat. the radiation from the collector will have the wavelength in the longwave range and the coating has low longwave emissivity, thus effectively retaining solar heat. This heat is then used to gradually heat the cold water into hot water. Solar collector tube Let's talk in detail about the collector tube on this collector. The collector tube is actually like an elongated hot water kettle liner. It is made of two glass tubes, one large and one small. the inner layer is covered with a spectrum-selective absorption coating and a straight void is drawn between the inner tubesand exterior. It forms the core of the solar water heater and is used to maximize the absorption of thermal energy after solar radiation. The vacuum glass tube is round, has the characteristics of naturally following the broad source of the sun, coupled with the reflection principle of the reflector, the glass tube can receive light from all sides, the heat collection effect lasts longer, the water temperature is higher. , and it can work normally all year round, even in alpine areas.