The technical water supply of hydropower plants mainly includes the cooling water supply of main bearings and transformers, fire water supply and domestic water supply.
Drainage mainly includes drainage of dam leaks, thrust bearings of guide bearings and other cooling systems. water drainage, roof drainage, Those that can be discharged directly downstream, those that cannot be collected in the water collection well and discharged downstream by water pumps
How works a hydroelectric power station produce electricity?
Electricity generation from a hydroelectric plant involves storing water so that it has enough energy, and using the drop to cause the water to generate electricity. potential energy from top to bottom. This energy generates a huge amount of energy. The towerbine and the rotation of the turbine, the rotor of the generator set rotates, and the rotation of the coil cuts the magnetic lines of force generate an induced current, and the current is produced by the generator. energy production.
Hydroelectric power plants raise water levels by building dams to block the water. In this way, due to the difference in water between upstream and downstream, the water upstream has potential energy and uses the potential energy of the water. to produce electricity. Specifically, high head water impacts the turbine through the water pipe in the dam body, causing the turbine to rotate. This is the first step in converting the potential energy of water into mechanical energy. The second step is to rotate the turbine. turns the generator rotor. According to Faraday. According to the law of electromagnetic induction, when the coil rotates in the magnetic fielde and cuts the magnetic lines of force, an induced current will be generated in the coil. generator output, and the hydroelectric generator will produce electricity.
The largest 1,000,000 kilowatt generator in the world. This 1,000,000 kilowatt generator is a super giant Francis turbine generator. Its size and scale are astonishing. Each unit The generator weighs more than 8,000 tons. which is comparable to the weight of a heavy destroyer. It is more than a thousand tons heavier than the Eiffel Tower in France, or the weight of a heavy destroyer. The height is more than 50 meters, which is equivalent to 18 floors. In height, the weight of the lower skid alone is 353 tonnes.
The generator here is therefore the largest in the world in terms of volume, weight and electricity production capacity. After being put into production, a single unit's motor can produce 150 kilowatt hours of electricity per revolution, which is almost the electricity consumption of an ordinary family of three for a month. However, it can spin 111 times per minute and generate. more than 16,000 kilowatt hours. If electricity production continues throughout the year, it can generate approximately 8.7 billion kilowatt hours. Since some production units will stop operating during the dry season each year, it is estimated that each production unit can produce. 3.9 billion kilowatt hours per year.
The basic principle of hydroelectric power generation in hydroelectric power plants is to use the difference in water level to produce electricity with a hydroelectric generator , that is, the potential energy of water is converted into the mechanical energy of the water wheel, and then the mechanical energy is used. Push the generator and get electricity. Scientists take advantage of natural conditionses of water level difference, effectively use fluid engineering and mechanical physics and carefully combine them to achieve the highest power generation capacity, so that people can use cheap and pollution-free electricity .
Low-level water absorbs sunlight and circulates water throughout the earth, restoring the high-level water source. In 1882, the first recorded application of hydroelectric power took place in Wisconsin, United States. So far, hydroelectric power has reached tens of watts in rural areas of the third world. They range from micro and small devices to those that use millions of watts to power large cities. ,
Detailed information:
Operating principles of hydroelectric power plants:
< p >The operating principle is to fully meet therequirements of safety, full power, economy and multiple supplies on the basis of economical and reasonable use of water resources and ensuring power quality. Hydroelectric power plants perform tasks such as frequency regulation, peak regulation, phase regulation and backup of the power system.Generally, during floods, the water volume must be fully utilized to put all units into operation to achieve full power generation and multiple supplies, and support the load of basis of the electrical system when operating during tank water; During the supply period, the water load should be used as much as possible to support the base load and peak load of the power system, making full use of the adjustable output force to play the role of frequency regulation, po regulationinte and emergency relief. system.
When a hydroelectric power station is in operation, it will be affected by the adjustment of compensation between different rivers; the impact of runoff adjustment when the same river is cascaded and the impact of power compensation between thermal power plants; and hydroelectric plants in the electricity system. The operation of a hydroelectric power station includes normal operation, special operation, abnormal operation and economic operation. For a hydroelectric power plant to operate normally, attention must be paid to the maintenance of the plant.
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