A hydraulic turbine is an electrical machine that converts the energy of water flow into rotating mechanical energy. It is a turbine machine among fluid machines. As early as around 100 BC, the prototype of a hydraulic turbine – a waterwheel – appeared in China, used to lift irrigation and drive grain processing equipment. Modern hydraulic turbines are mainly installed in hydroelectric power stations and are used to drive generators to produce electricity. In a hydroelectric power station, water from the upstream reservoir is directed to the turbine via the bypass pipe, pushing the turbine wheel to rotate and driving the generator to produce electricity. The water that has finished its work is discharged downstream through the tailrace. The higher the water height and flow rate, the higher the power output of the turbine. The main operating parametersement of the hydraulic turbine:
1. Water height H (meter)
The difference in unit energy between two sections of continuous water flow is called water height. The water height is an important parameter of a hydraulic turbine. Its size directly affects the efficiency of the turbine and the choice of turbine type.
2. Flow Rate
The amount (volume) of water flowing through the turbine per unit time is called the turbine flow rate, represented by Q. Usually expressed in cubic meters per second.
3. Output
The energy of the water flow flowing through the turbine per unit time is called the “output of the water flow” through the turbine, represented by Np^0. Np^0=9.81QH (kilowatt).
4. Efficiency
The ratio of the turbine output N to the output Np^0 of the water flow through the turbine is called the turbine efficiency, represented by eta. . Obviously, efficiency is the efficient use of energy from the flowof water by the surface turbine. It is a dimensionless physical quantity expressed as a percentage (%).
5. Rotation speed
The number of revolutions of the main shaft of the hydraulic turbine in unit of time is called the rotation speed of the hydraulic turbine, expressed as n, and the unit is generally "revolution/ min".
How to calculate the suction height of a hydraulic turbine?
What is the next step to raise the rotor? If you are preparing to start the machine and the pressurized oil lifts the rotor, the maintenance seal (such as air seal) needs to be removed, open the working seal and prepare to start the machine! If it is during the maintenance period, do not remove the main shaft maintenance seal, otherwise the waste water will enter the impeller hole!
The turbine installation height and suction height you mentioned are theheight between the turbine cavitation reference level and the design waste water. Installation elevation refers to the altitude of a horizontal plane that serves as a reference when the waterwheel is to be installed. The benchmark for a vertical impact turbine is the center elevation of the guide vane; center of nozzle: The reference for a horizontal impingement turbine is the elevation of the center of the spindle. I will post the formula below, see you soon