Humans have used wind energy for thousands of years. At first, they primarily used wind power to extract water for irrigation, seawater salt production, and windmills. At that time, humans harnessed the power of nature, using wind and water power to replace human and animal energy to operate machines, thereby improving productivity. Human use of wind energy to power ships dates back to even earlier times.
In the 1970s, China began to develop and use large-scale wind turbines, especially small wind turbines. The wind elevator developed at that time was used for water pumping irrigation and salt fields in coastal areas. Larger-power wind turbines are used in coastal areas of Zhejiang and China.u Fujian, particularly in Inner Mongolia. With the support of the government and adaptation to the needs of local natural resources and local people, the research and promotion of small wind turbines have made great progress. .
1. The function of water turbine: convert the kinetic energy of water flow into rotating mechanical energy.
2. Lifting refers to a serious accident in which when the turbine guide vane is suddenly closed, a vacuum is instantly formed in the suction tube, causing negative water hammer, causing waste water to flow back and a break. the upper cover of the turbine. In order to prevent the phenomenon of lifting from occurring, a vacuum breaking valve is installed on the upper cover of the turbine to break the vacuum.
3. The biggest advantage of the axial flow vane runner is that the efficiency can always remain optimal. The dawns sayThe blades and blades are in a co-connected relationship. When the opening of the guide vanes changes, the opening of the blades also changes accordingly, so that efficiency is always optimal.
4 Thrust bearing: supports the weight of the entire rotating part of the generator and the axial thrust of the water. According to the different installation positions of the stops, the vertical units are divided into two categories: suspension units with stops installed on the upper part of the rotor, and umbrella units with stops installed on the lower part of the rotor.
5. Functions of transformer oil: insulation and cooling. Bearing oil (also called turbine oil) has the functions of: lubrication and cooling.
Primary equipment
1. The main primary equipment is: a generator (converts the mechanical energy of rotation of the turbine into electrical energy), a power transformerce (increases the output voltage of the generator to the corresponding voltage level then connected to the electrical network), circuit breaker (to connect or disconnect the primary circuit), disconnector (to form an obvious disconnection point in the primary circuit, creating conditions for equipment maintenance), voltage transformer (to measure the voltage of the primary circuit and will measure the voltage of the primary circuit. The voltage obtained is transmitted to the protection, synchronization, excitation, measurement meters, etc. . which require a voltage), to the current transformer (measures the current of the primary circuit and transmits the measured current to protections, excitations, measurements, etc. which require a current meter, etc.).
2. The generator magnetic pole is a device that generates a magnetic field and is installed at the end of the generator rotor. It is in fact an electromagnet. When current flows through the coil,the iron core generates magnetic lines of force. As the rotor rotates, the magnetic lines of force also rotate. If the stator wire is relatively cut, an induced voltage is generated. on the stator. This is the principle of electromagnetic induction. The relationship between the number of pairs of magnetic poles and the speed of rotation: (frequency * 60 seconds) / the number of pairs of magnetic poles = speed of rotation For example: 50HZ * 60 seconds./ 24 pairs of magnetic poles = 125 revolutions per minute
3. The main equipment for applying electromagnetic induction in power plants are: synchronous generators and asynchronous motors.
4. The voltage transformer is connected to the primary circuit and it is strictly forbidden to short circuit the secondary side; the current transformer is connected in series in the primary circuit and the secondary side is strictly prohibited. forbidden tobe in open circuit.
5. Transformer protection mainly includes: main transformer differential protection, gas protection, main transformer zero sequence, main transformer pressure release, etc. Gas protection function: When the internal insulation force of the transformer decreases slightly, a small arc will be generated, but it will not operate the differential protection. In order to detect or eliminate this fault as quickly as possible, gas protection plays a role. The arc will break down the transformer oil into small bubbles (i.e. gas) or increase the flow rate of the oil (when internal discharge is large). The bubbles will cause the light gas to act and send a signal; when the oil flow is too high, the heavy gas will act on and off.
6. When loading the main transformer to full voltage, allTransformer protections must be installed correctly. At the same time, consider using the system (line) to load the transformer as much as possible and avoid using it. a generator to charge it. (The reason is that a large excitation inrush current will be generated during charging, which will damage the generator.)
7. The role of zinc oxide surge arrester: preventing the occurrence of operating overvoltages and atmospheric overvoltages.
8. The function of a circuit breaker: to connect or close a circuit. The main arc extinguishing means used are: sulfur hexafluoride, vacuum, insulating oil, etc.
9. In case of power failure: Shut down the load side first, then the power side. When sending power: send the power side first, then the load side.
10. The generator generates three-phase alternating current. Why, in addition to the power supply problems andpower supply, you can refer to relevant professional books, such as electrical engineering. I can't explain it simply, my level is limited, I'm sorry.
11. Ohm's Law: Resistance R = Voltage U / Current I