The basic principle of hydroelectricity is to use the difference in water levels to produce electricity with a hydroelectric generator. That is, the energy of the water level is converted into the mechanical energy of the water wheel, and then the mechanical energy is used to drive it. the generator to obtain electricity. Scientists take advantage of the natural conditions of water level difference, effectively use fluid engineering and mechanical physics, and carefully combine them to achieve the highest power generation capacity, so that people can use an electricity cheap and pollution-free. In 1882, the first recorded application of hydroelectric power took place in Wisconsin, United States. So far, the scale of hydroelectric power ranges from micro-scales, tens of watts used in rural areas of the third world, to millions of watts used pto power large cities.
The operating principle of a hydroelectric generator
When the gravitational potential energy of the water is converted into kinetic energy, the water rushes into the turbine, and the turbine starts spinning if we do. Connect the generator to the turbine, we will produce electricity. The machine can start producing electricity. If we raise the water level to flush the turbine, we can see that the rotation speed of the turbine increases. The greater the difference in water level, the greater the kinetic energy obtained by the turbine and the greater the electrical energy that can be converted. This is the basic principle of hydroelectricity.
The energy conversion process is: gravitation. The potential energy of the upstream water is converted into the kinetic energy of the water flow. As water flow passes through the turbine, kinetic energy is transferrede to the steam turbine. The turbine drives the generator to rotate and converts the kinetic energy into electricity. Energy. Therefore, mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy.
Due to the different natural conditions of hydropower plants, the capacity and speed of the hydroelectric generator set vary greatly. These are generally small hydrogenerators and high-speed hydrogenerators. Hydrogenerators driven by impact turbines mainly use horizontal hydroelectric generators, while high- and medium-speed generators mainly use vertical structures. Since most hydroelectric plants are located far from cities, they usually have to supply power to the load via a long transmission. Therefore, the electrical system has a very significant impact on the stable operation of the hydroelectric generatorric. Performance imposes higher demands: engine parameters must be carefully selected; Therefore, the appearance of the hydraulic generator is different from that of the steam turbine generator. Its rotor has a large diameter and a short length. The water wheel The generator takes a short time to start and connect to the network, as well as to operate. the schedule is flexible. In addition to general electricity production, it is particularly suitable as a peak shaving unit and as an emergency backup unit.
The "hydroelectric generator" The operating principle is the following:
The water flow impacts the turbine wheel, causing it to spin, and causes the generator rotor to rotate through the main shaft. Direct current passes through the generator rotor coil
and the rotor turns. The coil will generate a rotating magnetic field. During rotation, the liness of magnetic force are cut by the stator coil. According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, a voltage will be generated in the stator coil. load, a current will be generated in the stator coil.
The principle of a hydroelectric generator (hydraulic turbine) is that when water flows through the turbine, it converts the energy of the water into mechanical energy. The rotating shaft of the hydraulic turbine drives the generator rotor, which converts. mechanical energy in mechanical energy is produced.