The world has relatively abundant nuclear resources. Nuclear fuels include uranium, thorium, deuterium, lithium, boron, etc. World uranium reserves are approximately 4.17 million tonnes. Nuclear fuel resources available for development on earth can provide more than 100,000 times the energy of fossil fuels. The use of nuclear energy has many advantages as a cost-effective measure to alleviate the global energy crisis. First, nuclear fuel has many advantages, such as its small size and high energy. Nuclear energy is millions of times superior to chemical energy; The energy released by 1,000 grams of uranium is equivalent to the energy released by 2,400 tons of standard coal; a large 1 million kilowatt coal-fired power plant requires 3 to 4 million tons of raw coal each year. For transcarrying this coal, 2,760 trains are transported. necessary, the equivalent of 8 trains per day, and 40 million people are transported with tons of ashes. A pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant of the same power consumes only 28 tons of low-enriched uranium fuel with a uranium content of 3% per year; The cost of each pound of uranium is approximately 20 US dollars, which translates to approximately 0.001 US dollars per 1 kilowatt of electricity production. Compared to the current cost of traditional electricity production, it is much cheaper; and because the volume of nuclear fuel transportation is low, nuclear power plants can be built near industrial areas where they are most needed. The capital investment in building a nuclear power plant is typically one and a half to two times that of an equivalent thermal power plant. CepMeanwhile, its nuclear fuel cost is much cheaper than coal, and its operation and maintenance costs are also lower than coal. a thermal power station. If nuclear fusion reaction technology is mastered, seawater can be used as fuel, it is inexhaustible and convenient to use. The second is less pollution. Thermal power plants continuously emit harmful substances such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere. At the same time, small amounts of radioactive substances such as uranium, titanium and radium present in coal also fall into the surroundings of the thermal power plant. smoke and dust, polluting the environment. Nuclear power plants have erected layers of barriers and emit practically no polluting substances for the environment. Even radioactive pollution is much less than that of power plantscoal-fired electrics. According to statistics, when a nuclear power plant operates normally, the radioactive impact it causes on residents in one year is less than the dose received by an X-ray. The third is enhanced security. Since the construction of the first nuclear power plant, more than 400 nuclear power plants have been put into operation around the world, and they have been basically safe and normal for more than 30 years. Although there were accidents at the Three Mile Island Pressurized Water Reactor Nuclear Power Plant in the United States in 1979 and the Chernobyl Graphite Boiling Water Reactor Nuclear Power Plant accident in the Soviet Union in 1986, both accidents were caused by human factors. As pressurized water reactors continue to improve, nuclear power plants will likely become safer.
Advantages:
1. Nuclear power generation does not emit huge amountsés of pollutants in the atmosphere like the production of energy based on fossil fuels, therefore the production of nuclear energy does not cause air pollution.
pollute.
2. Nuclear power generation does not produce carbon dioxide which worsens the Earth's greenhouse effect.
3. The uranium fuel used in nuclear power production has no other purpose than the production of electricity.
4. The energy density of nuclear fuel is millions of times greater than that of fossil fuels. Therefore, the fuel used in nuclear power plants is small and easy to transport and store.
>A 1,000-meter nuclear power plant A 10,000-watt nuclear power plant requires only 30 tons of fuel uranium per year, which can be transported by plane in a single flight.
5. Fuel costs represent a smaller proportion of the cost of productionnuclear energy. The cost of nuclear power generation is less sensitive to the impact of the international economic situation.
the cost of power generation is lower than other methods of power generation for more stability.
Disadvantages:
1. Nuclear power plants will produce high and low level radioactive waste, or spent nuclear fuel, although the volume is not large,
Radiation must therefore be treated with caution and considerable political problems must arise. be confronted.
2. The thermal efficiency of nuclear power plants is low, so they emit more waste heat into the environment than ordinary fossil fuel power plants. Therefore, thermal pollution from nuclear power plants is more serious.
.3. The investment cost of nuclear power plants is too high and the financial risksers of electricity companies are relatively high.
4. Nuclear power plants are less suited to on-peak and off-peak operation with load.
5. The construction of nuclear power plants is more likely to cause political differences and conflicts.
6. There is a large amount of radioactive materials in the reactor of the nuclear power plant, if released into the external environment during an accident, it will harm the ecology and people.< /p>
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