Sodium chloride electrolysis reaction equation (solution): 2NaCl+2H2O==Electrolysis==2NaOH+2H2↑＋2Cl2↑ (reaction in chlor-alkali industry).
Cathode reaction: 2Cl-(chloride ion)-2e = Cl2↑(chlorine gas), anodic reaction: 2H+ + 2e = H?↑.
Sodium chloride (NaCl) and water (H2O) in salt water are ionized, and hydrogen (H2) and chlorine (Cl2) are generated at the cathode and at the cathode, respectively. the anode after applying electricity. The remaining hydroxyl ions combine with the sodium ions to form sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
In industry, salt water electrolysis is commonly used to produce sodium hydroxide. Since contact between chlorine ions or chlorine gas and sodium hydroxide solution generates sodium chloride and sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), industrial production of sodium hydroxide uses a specially constructed membrane avec an ion exchange membrane (which does not allow chloride ions or negatively charged chlorine gas to pass through). The electrolytic cell isolates chlorine ions or chlorine gas from sodium hydroxide.
Precautions for electrolyzing salt water
1 Use graphite electrodes, which are carbon rods in ordinary dry batteries.
2. Use 5V DC, pay attention to the power supply to avoid short circuit.
3. The products are hydrogen and chlorine. Hydrogen is flammable and explosive, and chlorine is toxic.
4. Do not use saturated salt water. If the amount of salt added is low, the salt water will be weak and require less energy. It will produce much less gas and will generally be much safer. normal salt water. Simply adjust the salinity of the food (dish), never use saturated salt water.
2. HCl, which is largement used in industry, can be prepared from the H2 and Cl2 obtained: Cl2+H2=2HCl. According to the chlorine and hydrogen obtained in the question above, is the maximum amount of hydrogen chloride 730 kg? Can it be calculated simply without using chemical equations? For what ? Answer: 2NaCl+2H2O= (feed)=2NaOH+H2+CL2^^^^^^^^^The equation is: 117....... . .................80....2....711170....... ............... ..................x............y.....zx= 8gy=0.2gz=7.1g I can't wait 730 g, because it is impossible for the utilization rate of H2 and CL2 to be 100%. If there is a loss, ask: is the maximum 730 kg? Can it be calculated simply without using chemical equations? For what ? Answer: Only when H2 and C2L react 100%, we get 730 kg of HCL. However, the chemical reaction does not result in 100% conversion, so it is less than 730 Kg. -question: Depending on the densityhydrogen tee of 0.09 g*L, the negative power is calculated inIn scientific experiments, the water electrolysis method is commonly used to prepare pure hydrogen for research. Try to calculate the maximum mass of hydrogen that can be produced by decomposing 1 kg of water. In general, what is its volume?