Although seawater can conduct electricity, seawater spreads electricity through minerals and trace ions present in seawater. Although current can pass through the sea water, it will lose a lot of electricity after crossing it. , and doing circuits with sea water is troublesome. Its conductivity is not as good as that of metal materials, and the production process is simple from the point of view of the ionic activity of metals, gold is the best, followed by silver, copper, l aluminum and iron. , etc., which have high ionic activity. Additionally, potassium, calcium, sodium, magnesium, etc. cannot be used alone because they are unstable in air.
In what ways can water produce electricity? What are the differences?
There is hydroelectric production using the siphon method, but its electricity production capacity is very low, becauseHydroelectric production depends on water pressure and flow. When a dam can be built to increase the height of water, it is possible to build a dam. will be as big as what we see now. Some hydroelectric power stations use the water height capacity to produce electricity, such as the Three Gorges Hydroelectric Power Station. If the amount of water is large and the water height cannot be increased, tubular power generation is used, using the large water flow to drive the generator to produce electricity, such as Danjiangkou Power Station. For a small deviation, regardless of the method used, the energy of water is not large, because the energy will not be amplified by a conduction method
Why is it so expensive to produce electricity and then use the energy water? Is it so cheap?
When water withPotential energy or kinetic energy is injected into a hydraulic turbine, the hydraulic turbine begins to rotate. If we connect a generator to the hydraulic turbine, the generator can start. to produce electricity. If we raise the water level to flush the turbine, we can see that the speed of the turbine increases. Therefore, it can be seen that the greater the water level difference, the greater the kinetic energy obtained by the turbine and the greater the electrical energy that can be converted. This is the basic principle of hydroelectric power.
The energy conversion process is as follows: the gravitational potential energy of the upstream water is converted into the kinetic energy of the water flow. As the water flow passes through the hydraulic turbine, kinetic energy is transferred to the steam. turbine. The hydraulic turbine drives the generator to rotate and converts the kinetic energyin electrical energy. It is therefore the process of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Due to the different natural conditions of hydropower plants, the capacity and speed of hydroelectric generator set vary greatly. Generally, small hydrogenerators and high-speed hydrogenerators driven by impact turbines mainly adopt horizontal structures, while large and medium-speed generators mainly adopt vertical structures (see figure). Since most hydroelectric plants are located far from cities, they usually have to power the load via long transmission lines. Therefore, the power system imposes higher requirements on the operational stability of the hydroelectric generator: the engine parameters must be carefully selected. ; The required moment of inertia is larged. The appearance of a hydrogenerator is therefore different from that of a steam turbine generator. Its rotor has a large diameter and short length. The hydrogenerator unit requires a short time to start and connect to the grid, and the operating schedule is flexible. In addition to general electricity generation, it is particularly suitable as a peak shaving unit and as an emergency backup unit. The maximum capacity of the hydrogenerator unit reached 700,000 kilowatts.
As for the principle of a generator, it is very clear in high school physics. Its operating principles are based on the law of electromagnetic induction and the law of electromagnetic force. Therefore, the general principle of its construction is: use suitable magnetic and electrically conductive materials to form magnetic circuits and electric circuits that perform electro inductionthan each other.path to generate electromagnetic energy and achieve the goal of energy conversion.
Explanation that the second law of thermodynamics cannot use the thermal energy of the oceans to produce electricity
The water treatment process is relatively simple and the added value is not high, so it is cheap;
The power generation process is relatively complex and has a lot of added value, so the electricity bill is expensive;
Seawater desalination is a lot more difficult than transforming river water into tap water. If one day we can only rely on the desalination of sea water, then the price of water will certainly be higher than today. The exact amount of water there is, only God knows.
1. The first question is that it is precisely because many people like you have asked whyuoi the second law of thermodynamics was concluded
2, The second question is, yes, it is entirely possible. You can lower the sea water by one degree. Not all of this water is used to do work, but some of it is entirely possible. technology and capacity, why is no one doing it?
Due to “energy density”, if 1 cubic meter of seawater is reduced by 1 degree, can the energy released be compared to the same volume of fuel?