Agricultural machinery refers to various machines used in the production process of crops and livestock, as well as the initial processing and processing of agricultural and livestock products. Contents of agricultural machinery:
Agricultural machinery includes agricultural machinery, agricultural land construction machinery, tillage machinery, planting and fertilizing machinery, plant protection machinery, agricultural land drainage and irrigation machines, harvesting machines, agricultural product processing machines. , and breeding machinery and agricultural transportation machinery, etc. Agricultural machinery in the broad sense also includes forestry machinery, fishing machinery and secondary agricultural machinery such as sericulture, beekeeping and edible mushroom cultivation. Agricultural machinery is a relative concept and designent the general term for all machinery used in agriculture, livestock, forestry and fishing. Agricultural machinery belongs to the category of agricultural machines and tools. The promotion of the use of agricultural machinery is called agricultural mechanization. Machines that power a variety of agricultural machinery and agricultural facilities. Agricultural machinery mainly includes internal combustion engines and tractors equipped with internal combustion engines, as well as electric motors, wind turbines, hydraulic turbines and various small generator sets. Diesel engines have the advantages of high thermal efficiency, good fuel economy, reliable operation and good fire safety. They are most widely used in internal combustion engines and agricultural tractors. Gasoline engines are characterized by their lightness, their good performancelow temperature start and proper operation. They are mainly used in small agricultural machinery, such as rice transplanters, backpack plant protection machines and tea picking machines.
Depending on the regional fuel supply situation, gas generators fueled by natural gas, oil-associated gas, liquefied petroleum gas and produced gas can also be used depending on the local conditions. Diesel engines and gasoline engines can also be modified to burn gaseous fuels such as gas, or can be converted to dual-fuel internal combustion engines that burn gas and are ignited by diesel as agricultural machinery. Electric motors are mainly used to drive various agricultural machines for stationary or indoor operations, such as agricultural product processing machinesand water pumps, as well as various operating machines in greenhouses, warehouses and stables. In areas with water or wind resources, using wind turbines and hydraulic turbines to drive various stationary machines can save petroleum fuel. Wind turbines equipped with water lifting devices can provide water for humans and livestock in grassland pastoral areas. A small power generator consisting of an internal combustion engine, a wind or water turbine, and a generator is used to provide electricity for agricultural production and rural life in remote areas. Solar energy and biogas generated from rural waste can also provide electrical energy through solar power generation devices, biogas generators, biogas-diesel dual fuel generators, etc.
Classification of agricultural machinesthe:
Agricultural machines are generally classified according to their destination. Most of these machines are specially designed and manufactured according to the characteristics of agriculture and special requirements of various operations, such as tillage machines, planting and fertilizing machines, plant protection machines, harvesting machines, breeding machines and processing of agricultural products. machinery. Another part of agricultural machinery is common to other industries and can be directly selected according to the characteristics and needs of agriculture, such as agricultural machinery, water pumps in land drainage and irrigation machinery agricultural, etc. or these machines may be designed for agriculture; variants according to the characteristics and needs of agriculture, such as agricultural machines and trailers in transport vehiclesort and earth moving machinery and stone in agricultural construction machinery etc.
Agricultural machines can also be purchased based on the power used and their supporting equipment. Method classification. The power used in agricultural machinery can be divided into two parts: one part is used for walking or moving agricultural machinery, which can be divided into types such as human power (portable, backpack, chest mounted and push -pull), animal traction. , tractor traction and self-propelled power; The other part is used to drive the working parts of agricultural machinery, which can be divided into human force drive (crank, pedal, etc.), animal force drive, electromechanical force drive. (use of internal combustion engines, wind turbines, electric motors, etc.) and tractor traction. On the same ag machinericole, both parties can use the same or different power. According to the matching method of agricultural machinery and tractors, they can be divided into traction, suspension and semi-suspension types.
According to the mode of operation, agricultural machinery can be divided into two categories: walking operation and stationary operation. Among agricultural machinery for walking operations, there are two types: continuous walking type, which operates during continuous travel, and intermittent walking type, which alternates traveling and working processes. Among fixed-operating agricultural machinery, there are two types: mobile types that can move to the workplace when not in operation, and real estate types that always have a fixed workplace. Depending on the place of operation, agricultural machinery is divided into field operations (fields, pasturefarms and orchards, etc.), in yard operations, in indoor operations (factories, machine rooms, warehouses, greenhouses and livestock buildings, etc.) and in water or water. (rivers, canals, reservoirs, etc.) and water wells, etc.), road operations and air operations.
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