Hydraulic turbines can be divided into two categories according to their operating principles: impact turbines and impact turbines. The impact turbine wheel rotates due to the impact of water flow. The water flow pressure remains unchanged during the working process, which is mainly due to the conversion of kinetic energy. reaction force of water flow in water. The pressure of water flow during the working process. There are changes in both energy and kinetic energy, but primarily in the conversion of pressure energy.
Traction turbines can be divided into two types: cut impact type (also called bucket type) and oblique impact type according to the direction of water flow. The structure of the oblique type turbine is basically the same as that of the bucket turbine, except that there is an inclination angle in the direction of the jet and ite is only used for small units.
Impact turbines can be divided into Francis type, axial flow type, oblique flow type and tubular flow type. In a Francis turbine, the water flow enters the water guiding mechanism radially and flows axially out of the impeller; in an axial flow turbine, the water flow enters the guide vane radially and enters and exits the impeller axially; turbine, the water flow It enters the guide vane radially and flows into the impeller in a direction inclined at a certain angle to the main axis, or flows into the guide vane and impeller in a direction inclined to the main axis in a tubular turbine; , the water flows axially into the guide vane and into the impeller. Axial flow, tubular flow and oblique flow turbines can also be divided into fixed blade and rotating blade types based on their structures. The blades of thefixed vane type are fixed; Rotating vane type blades can rotate around the blade axis during operation to adapt to changes in water height and load.
A hydraulic turbine is an electrical machine that converts the energy of water flow into rotating mechanical energy. It is a turbine machine among fluid machines. As early as around 100 BC, the prototype of a hydraulic turbine – a waterwheel – appeared in China, used to lift irrigation and drive grain processing equipment. Modern hydraulic turbines are mainly installed in hydroelectric power stations and are used to drive generators to produce electricity. In a hydroelectric power station, water from the upstream reservoir is directed to the turbine via the bypass pipe, pushing the turbine wheel to rotate and driving the generator to produce electricity. The water thati has finished its work and is evacuated downstream through the tailrace. The higher the water height and flow rate, the higher the power output of the turbine.
Traction turbines can be divided into two types: cut impact type (also called bucket type) and oblique impact type according to the direction of water flow. The structure of the oblique type turbine is basically the same as that of the bucket turbine, except that there is an inclination angle in the direction of the jet and it is only used for small units.
Theoretical analysis proves that the efficiency is highest when the peripheral speed at the pitch circle of the bucket is about half of the jet speed. When the load of this type of turbine changes, the direction of the channel water inlet velocity remains unchanged. Additionally, this type of turbine is used in high head power plants. The top changeeur of water is relatively low and the speed. doesn't change much. Therefore, the efficiency is less affected by load changes, the efficiency curve is relatively flat, and the maximum efficiency exceeds 91%.
A hydraulic turbine is an electrical machine that converts the energy of water flow into rotating mechanical energy. It is a turbine machine among fluid machines. As early as around 100 BC, the prototype of a hydraulic turbine – a waterwheel – appeared in China, used to lift irrigation and drive grain processing equipment. Modern hydraulic turbines are mainly installed in hydroelectric power stations and are used to drive generators to produce electricity. In a hydroelectric power station, water from the upstream reservoir is directed to the turbine via the bypass pipe, pushing the turbine to spin. The wheel turns, driving the generatorto produce electricity. The water that has finished its work is discharged downstream through the tailrace. The higher the water height and flow rate, the higher the power output of the turbine.