Silicon, atomic number 14, atomic weight 28.0855, silicon comes in two forms: crystalline and amorphous. Solar energy is an inexhaustible source of renewable energy for humanity. It is also a clean energy and produces no environmental pollution.
In the efficient utilization of solar energy, the utilization of solar photovoltaic energy is the fastest growing and most dynamic research field in recent years, and constitutes the one of the most publicized projects.
Can silicon be used to make solar cells
The main components of silicon photovoltaic cells are silicon, silver, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and metal electrodes. The details are as follows:
1. Silicon: Silicon is the main component of silicon photovoltaic cells and is a widely used element.t present in nature. Silicon is widely used in photovoltaics due to its stable chemical properties, high durability and reliability. There are two types of silicon materials in silicon photovoltaic cells: monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon. Single crystal silicon has higher photoelectric conversion efficiency, but the manufacturing cost is also relatively high.
2. Silver: Silver is one of the important components of silicon photovoltaic cells and mainly plays a conductive role. In silicon photovoltaic cells, silver is used to form a p-n junction, allowing photogenerated electrons and holes to separate and flow to both ends of the circuit, generating electrical energy.
3. Silicon oxide: In silicon photovoltaic cells, silicon oxide plays the main roleipally a role in protecting the surface of silicon and can also improve the durability and stability of silicon material. During the manufacturing process, silicon oxide can also play a role in isolating different elements and preventing reactions between different elements.
4. Silicon Nitride: Silicon nitride is a polymer material with high hardness, high melting point and high stability. In silicon photovoltaics, silicon nitride is used to protect the silicon surface from oxidation or corrosion. In addition, silicon nitride can also improve the mechanical strength and stability of silicon photovoltaic cells.
5. Metal electrode: Metal electrode is one of the important components of silicon photovoltaic cells. It mainly plays the role of collecting electrons and holes. In silic photovoltaic cellsium, metal electrodes are covered at both ends of the p-n junction, allowing electrons and holes to be efficiently collected and routed to the circuit. Metal electrodes are generally made of metallic materials with high conductivity and corrosion resistance, such as gold, silver or aluminum.
The main uses of silicon photovoltaic cells
1 Photovoltaic power production: silicon photovoltaic cells, as a type of solar cell, can convert solar energy into. electrical energy and constitute the basis of photovoltaic energy production. By placing silicon photovoltaic cells under sunlight, solar energy can be directly converted into electrical energy, which can then be supplied to households or industries to alleviate the problem of electricity shortages.
2. Solar car: theSolar car is a new energy car that uses solar energy to convert it into electric energy to drive the car. As the main power source of solar cars, silicon photovoltaic cells can provide sufficient electrical energy to the car, allowing it to achieve zero emissions while driving and reducing environmental pollution.
3. Solar energyWater heater: A solar water heater is a device that uses solar energy to convert it into thermal energy. As the main energy source of solar water heaters, silicon photovoltaic cells can convert solar energy into thermal energy to provide domestic hot water, reducing dependence on fossil fuels.
Test points: Silicon and silica. Subject: Elements of the Carbon family. Analysis: A. The component of solar cells is silicon B. SiO2 in glass reacts with NaOH to form sodium silicate C. The main component of optical fiber is SiO 2; Silica can react with hydrofluoric acid. A. The element silicon is the raw material for making solar cells, so A is correct; The SiO 2 in the glass reacts with NaOH to form viscous Na 2 SiO 3, which will stick to the bottle cap, so B is correct; The main material for making optical fiber is SiO 2, so C D is correct; Silica can react with hydrofluoric acid but does not react with ordinary acids, so D is false. So choose D. Feedback: This question examines the properties and uses of silicon and silica. Note that silica can react with strong alkalis and hydrofluoric acid.