The principle of solar panels is a device that absorbs sunlight and converts solar radiation energy directly or indirectly into electrical energy through photoelectric effect or photochemical effect. The main material of most solar panels is "silicon", but that's due. The production cost is so high that it cannot yet be widely and commonly used in large quantities. Compared with ordinary batteries and rechargeable batteries, solar cells are more energy-saving and environmentally friendly green products.
Preparation method: Step 1: To make titanium dioxide film, first put the titanium dioxide powder into a mortar and grind it with a binder , then use a glass rod to slowly grind it on the conductive glass. To apply the film, place the titanium dioxide film under an alcohol lamp to sinter for10 to 15 minutes, then cool it.
Step 2: Use natural fuel to color the titanium dioxide. Squeeze fresh or frozen black plums, mountain plums, pomegranate seeds or black tea with a tablespoon of tax. Put on the titanium dioxide film for coloring. It will take about 5 minutes until the film turns dark purple. If the coloring on both sides of the film is uneven, soak it for 5 minutes, then rinse with ethanol and gently dry it with soft paper.
Step 3: Make a Counter Electrode A battery requires a positive electrode and, of course, a counter electrode. The positive electrode, like the counter electrode, is made of a conductive SnO2 film. You can use a simple multimeter to determine which side of the glass is conductive. You can also use your fingers to determine which side of the glass is rough. Mark the non-stupid sidedriver with “”, then use a pencil to evenly apply a layer of graphite to the driver side.
Step 4: Add electrolyte and use a solution containing iodide ions as the electrolyte of the solar cell. It is mainly used to reduce and regenerate fuel. Simply add one to two drops of electrolyte onto the surface of the titanium dioxide film.
Step 5: Assemble the battery. Place the colored titanium dioxide membrane face up on the table and place one or two drops of electrolyte containing iodine and iodine ions on the membrane. Then press the conductive side of the counter electrode face down onto the titanium dioxide membrane. Offset the two pieces of glass slightly so that the exposed part can be used as the electrode for the test. Use two pliers to tighten the battery and your solar cell is ready.
Step 6: Testthe battery under outdoor sunlight to get the open circuit voltage 0.4V, short circuit. Solar cell current 1mA/cm2.
How do primary school students make a simple solar water heater
The simple method to make a solar power generation system is: < /p>
1. Preparation It is best to have several 6V or 12V monocrystalline silicon solar panels, 2 6V or 12V maintenance-free batteries and a 220V inverter
2. Divide the solar panels into two groups. If it is a 6V power generation board, first connect two panels in series to increase the voltage to 12V. For other panels, first connect two panels in series, then .The sets connected in series are connected in parallel to increase the current of the generator set. Finally, the installed power generation panel assembly is attached to the sheet metal and the two togethergenerator sets are installed in different directions; p>
< p> 3. Connect the electrode wires of the generator set to the positive and negative poles of the battery, so that the battery can receive a constant flow of charging energy when necessary. prolong battery life, overcharge or overdischarge protection system can be installed, then the two connect the batteries in parallel to increase the battery current;
< p> 4. Convert the 12V DC power to 220V AC power which can be used by home appliances, then connect the battery power wires to the 220V inverter on the inverter
5. Finally, after enough sunlight has converted, connect the power to the inverter.
About the manual manufacturing method of the Science and Technology Festival
Preparation materials: 1 boxe cardboard, 1 piece of aluminum foil, foam, a mirror, 1 glass test tube, brush and ink.
Production steps:
1. Cover the inside of the cardboard with a layer of foil. The function of aluminum foil is to absorb solar energy:
2. Place 1 The test tube filled with water is fixed on the aluminum foil with double-sided tape, and foam can be used on both sides to help secure it:
3. Attach a mirror to the test tube filled with water. center of the side wall of the box to reflect sunlight:
4. Use a brush dipped in ink to paint the tin foil, foam, etc. in the black box to help absorb energy from the sun:< /p>
5. After final production is completed, place it in the sun. Yes, a simple solar water heater was made:
The. Handcrafted Methods for the Science and Technology Festivaltechnology are as follows:
1 Use and recycling Materials to make a solar windmill: Find discarded plastic bottles and solar panels, assemble them together and make a simple solar windmill. When sunlight hits the solar panels, the windmill spins.
2. Make a Fruit Battery: All you need is some fruit, some wire, and a voltmeter to make your own fruit battery. By measuring the voltage of fruit batteries, you can learn about the power-producing capabilities of different fruits.
3. Make a small model of a volcanic eruption: Using clay, foam plastic, and red food coloring, you can create a small, realistic model of a volcanic eruption. Simply add Styrofoam to the model and dye it with red food coloring to simulate avolcanic eruption.
4. Make a Simple Seismograph: Using small balls, thin wires and plastic bottles, you can make a simple seismograph. When the ground shakes, the ball falls into the plastic bottle, allowing the earthquake to be detected.
5. Make Water Rockets: All you need is a few plastic bottles, some tape, and air pumps to make your own water rockets. By inflating the bottle and then pushing the water out of the bottle, you can make a water rocket fly through the air.
TechnologyFeatures of short works of the Science and Technology Festival
1. Innovation: The main characteristic of the short works of the Science and Technology Festival is innovation. These small works are often conceived, designed and produced by the candidates themselves and feature unique innovation and novelty. The designedrrents usually use the latest technologies and materials to realize their ideas, demonstrating a unique sense of innovation and technology.
2. Scientific nature: Science and Technology Festival short works usually involve the application of scientific knowledge and technology. During the process of designing and producing these works, candidates are expected to conduct extensive research and understand relevant scientific principles and techniques, and apply them to their own works. Therefore, these small works have a strong scientific and technical character, allowing the audience to understand and understand the principles and applications of science and technology.
3. Interesting: The short works of the Science and Technology Festival are usually very interesting and interactive, and can attract the audience's attention and interest. The cansdidats typically use various methods to make their works more interesting and interactive, such as adding sound, light, touch and other sensors, or designing devices that can interact with the audience.