Solar panel capacity
AC light source: light source power * daily power consumption duration = solar panel power * annual average sunshine duration * battery conversion rate * inverter efficiency
DC light source: light source power * daily power consumption duration = solar panel power * annual average sunshine duration * battery conversion rate
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Actually, it may not be that simple, but you should be able to refer to it
Example: Calculation formula: (assuming 4 hours of electricity consumption per day)
1. AC Lamps: Solar Panel Power * Inverter Efficiency 80% * Battery Efficiency 70% * 8 Hours Sunshine = Lamp 10 *4 Hours
=7W
The number of consecutive days of rainy days mainly depends on the battery size. If it rains for 3 consecutive daysUseful, choose: 3*8 hours*9W/12V (when the battery is 12V) = 6HR (Ah), is secondary to the size of the solar panel.
Solar panel capacity refers to the electricity production power Wp of flat solar panels. The value of solar energy production depends on the power consumed by the load in 24 hours. The rated power supply of the load and the power consumed by the load in 24 hours determine the capacity P (AH) consumed by the load in 24 hours. In addition, the average daily sunshine hours and rainy days are taken into account, calculate the IP operating current (A) of the solar cell panel.
Select the rated battery voltage based on the rated power of the load. Use the battery's nominal voltage to determine the number of batteries in series and the battery's float voltage VF (V), then take. taking into account theThe increase in temperature of the solar cell caused by the increase in temperature. The impact of increasing voltage VT(v) and voltage drop VD(v) of the P-N junction of the reverse charging diode can be calculated. V) of the solar cell array can be calculated from the operating power supply IP (A) of the solar cell array and the operating voltage VP (v), the power output of the flat panel solar panel can be determined, thus designing the solar panel Capacity. Depending on the designed capacity Wp and the operating voltage VP of the solar cell array, the number of series and parallel connections of the silicon battery panels can be determined. Number of groups.
The specific design steps of the solar cell array are as follows:
1 Calculate the 24-hour consumption capacity P of the load:
P =H/. V
V ——Foodrated load
2. Select daily sunshine hours T(H).
3. Calculate the operating current of the solar panel.
IP=P(1+Q)/T
Q - Surplus coefficient according to the rainy season
Q=0.21～1.00
4. Determine the battery float voltage VF.
The single float charge voltages of cadmium-nickel (GN) and lead-acid (CS) batteries are 1.4 ~ 1.6 V and 2.2 V, respectively.
p>5. Temperature compensation voltage of VT solar cells.
VT=2.1/430 (T-25) VF
6 Calculate the operating voltage of the VP solar panel.
VP=VF+VD+VT
Where VD=0.5～0.7
Approximately equal to VF
7 . Output power Wp (flat solar panel).
Wp=IP×UP
8. According to the VP and Wp in the silicon battery flat panel combination series table, determine the number of blocks in series and the number of parallel groups in specificationstandards.
Calculation of battery capacity
The battery capacity is determined by the following factors:
1. The number of days the battery can operate on its own. Under special climatic conditions, the battery may be discharged until the remaining battery capacity is 20% of the normal rated capacity.
2. The battery is discharged every day. For occasions where the daily charging is stable and the requirements are not high, the depth of the daily discharge cycle can be limited to 80% of the battery's rated capacity.
3. The battery should have sufficient capacity to ensure that it will not lose water due to overcharging. Generally, when selecting battery capacity, as long as the battery capacity is greater than 25 times the peak current of the solar panel, the battery will not lose water during charging.
4. THESelf-discharge rate of electrical energy disclosed by the battery itself will increase as the battery usage time increases and the battery temperature increases. For new batteries, the self-discharge rate is usually less than 5% of capacity, but for old, poor-quality batteries, the self-discharge rate can increase up to 10% to 15% per month.
In the water regime telemetry system, the duration of continuous rainy days determines the battery capacity. Battery capacity can be calculated based on the energy consumed by the telemetry equipment during continuous rainy days (amp-hours plus a factor of 20%, plus 10% self-discharge energy from the battery in amp-hours).
According to the calculation of the two capacity plans, the solar power supply design is completed:
1. Main parameters of the measuring station:
< p> The dData are transmitted every 5 minutes, transmission time 2 seconds;The input voltage of the transmitter is 13.8 V DC, the output current is 5 A;
Local daylight hours are 7 to 8 hours.
2. The battery capacity of the measuring station is calculated at 38AH.
3. The output power of the solar cell array of the measuring station is 25W~35W.
Based on the above results, the design value of the solar power supply is:< /p>
Battery: Use a lead-acid battery with a capacity of 38AH, using two parallel connections with a capacity of 20Ah; solar cell array: output power 25W~35W, using standard boards, the output capacity of one board is 25W~38W, which is perfect.