Silicon solar cells are divided into three types: monocrystalline silicon solar cells, polycrystalline silicon thin-film solar cells, and amorphous silicon thin-film solar cells.
Monocrystalline silicon solar cells have the highest conversion efficiency and the most mature technology. The highest laboratory conversion efficiency is 24.7% and the large-scale production efficiency is 15%. It still occupies a dominant position in large-scale applications and industrial production. However, due to the high cost and price of monocrystalline silicon, it is difficult to greatly reduce its cost in order to save silicon materials, polycrystalline silicon films and amorphous silicon. films have been developed as monocrystalline silicon solar cells.
Compared to monocrystalline silicon, cellsPolycrystalline silicon thin-film solar cells are cheaper and more efficient than amorphous silicon thin-film cells. The maximum conversion efficiency in the laboratory is 18%, and the conversion efficiency in industrial-scale production is 18%. ten%. Therefore, polycrystalline silicon thin film cells will soon dominate the solar energy market.
Amorphous silicon thin film solar cells have low cost, light weight, high conversion efficiency, easy mass production and great potential. However, due to the photoelectric efficiency degradation effect caused by its material, its stability is not high, which directly affects its practical application. If the stability problem and conversion rate problem can be further solved, then amorphous silicon solar cells will undoubtedly be one of the main psolar cell development products.
Flexible thin film solar cells have advantages over conventional solar cells:
1.Structural advantages:
< p>Conventional solar cells usually have a structure made of EVA material, and cells between two layers of glass are heavier and require supports during installation, making them difficult to move. Flexible thin-film solar cells do not require glass backsheets or covers and are 80% lighter than double-glass solar cell modules. Flexible cells using PVC backsheets and ETFE film covers can even be folded at will, making them easy to transport.2. Advantages:
Can be used in solar backpacks, solar convertibles, solar flashlights, solar cars,solar sailboats and even solar planes. The scope of use is relatively wide. The disadvantage is that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is lower than that of conventional crystalline silicon components. There is also a semi-flexible solar panel with a high conversion rate that can only be bent about 30 degrees. Guangrui Industrial Co., Ltd. is relatively mature in the production of solar panels for this type of product.
3. Advantages of assembly:
Dye-sensitized solar cells and organic perovskite solar cells combined with nanotechnology have obvious advantages in the assembly of materials and devices and are currently more common in the world. flexible solar cells.
To obtain high-performance dye-sensitized flexible solar cells and promote their industrialization, advances must be soughts in the following aspects. On the one hand, there is a need to further improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and stability of dye-sensitized flexible solar cells. Another aspect is to further reduce the cost of batteries and enable the preparation of large-scale roll-to-roll printing.