Inorganic semiconductors: monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, binary and multi-component semiconductors, etc. ;
Organic molecules: such as fullerene derivatives (PCBM), etc. ;
Organic-inorganic hybrid materials: such as perovskite, etc. ;
Metal complexes: such as N719 dye molecules used in DSSC;
Quantum dots: such as CdS, etc.
Which silicon material is one of the commonly used raw materials for solar energy utilization
Solar cells, also known as solar cells Photovoltaics, are a type of solar cells that convert solar energy into semiconductor devices for electrical energy. Here are the most common types of solar cells:
Silicon solar cells: Silicon solar cells are the most common type of solar cells and includet monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon and amorphous silicon. Monocrystalline silicon solar cells have the highest efficiency, but have higher costs; polycrystalline silicon solar cells have lower costs and are slightly less efficient; Amorphous silicon solar cells have low production costs, but have the lowest efficiency.
Cadmium selenide solar cells: Cadmium selenide solar cells have high efficiency and long life, but they contain toxic substances.
Copper-indium-gallium selenide solar cells: Copper-indium-gallium selenide solar cells are made of copper, indium, gallium and selenium and have high efficiency, but the cost of production is high.
Organic solar cells: Organic solar cells use organic materials as semiconductors et are relatively cheap, but have low efficiency and a short lifespan.
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Dye-sensitized solar cells use organic dyes to absorb solar energy and then convert it into electricity. They have the advantage of being inexpensive, light, flexible and easy to manufacture, but are less effective.
Perovskite solar cell: Perovskite solar cell is a new type of solar cell developed in recent years, which has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost and long life. of life.
What is photocatalysis
(1) Common semiconductors include: germanium, silicon, gallium arsenide, etc. , that is, silicon is a semiconductor material;
(2) Solar energy is a renewable energy source, its main characteristic is that it is inexhaustible, respectfulenvironment-friendly and pollution-free
(3) As the picture shows: water; starts boiling at 98°C and maintains constant temperature; Since the boiling point of water at 1 standard atmosphere is 100°C, we can see that the air pressure at this location is less than 1 standard atmosphere.
So the answer is: semiconductor; renewable less than;
Photocatalysts are usually made of semiconductor materials and can convert light energy into electronic energy, thereby promoting the catalytic reaction. ?
1. Photocatalytic materials
1. Photocatalytic materials are special materials that can use light energy to cause chemical reactions. They are photosensitive and can absorb specific wavelengths of light energy and excite electrons, triggering chemical reactions. Photocatalytic materials are widelyement used in areas such as environmental governance, energy conversion and chemical synthesis.area. In terms of environmental management, photocatalytic materials can be used to degrade organic pollutants and purify air and water.
2. In terms of energy conversion, photocatalytic materials can convert solar energy into chemical energy, providing new methods of fuel production. In terms of chemical synthesis, photocatalytic materials can be used to synthesize organic compounds and inorganic materials. The performance of photocatalytic materials depends on factors such as their composition, structure and surface properties.
2. Photocatalytic oxidation
1. Photocatalytic oxidation is a process that uses light energy to convert organic or inorganic substances into harmless substances.This technology has the advantages of operating at normal temperature and pressure, mild reaction conditions and high energy efficiency. It is widely used in sewage treatment, air purification and other fields. The reaction mechanism of photocatalytic oxidation mainly includes three links: light absorption, energy transfer and chemical reaction.
2. During the photocatalytic oxidation process, the photocatalytic material absorbs light energy of a specific wavelength, excites electrons and generates free radicals, thereby triggering an oxidation reaction. These free radicals have strong oxidizing properties and can oxidize organic or inorganic substances into harmless substances. Photocatalytic oxidation technology has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection and energy saving.e, and is one of the important directions for the development of green chemistry in the future.
Photocatalytic reduction
1. Photocatalytic reduction is a process that uses light energy to reduce substances to lower valence states or simpler substances.
Unlike photocatalytic oxidation, photocatalytic reduction requires light energy rather than oxidants. Photocatalytic reduction technology can be applied to chemical synthesis, fuel production and other fields, opening a new path for the development of green chemistry.
2. The reaction mechanism of photocatalytic reduction mainly includes three links: light absorption, energy transfer and chemical reaction.
During the photocatalytic reduction process, the photocatalytic material absorbs light energy of a longr of specific wave, excites the electrons and generates free radicals, thus triggering a reduction reaction. These free radicals are reductive and can reduce substances to lower valence states or simpler substances.
3. Photocatalytic reduction technology
It has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection and energy saving, especially for some complex organic or inorganic substances that cannot cannot be synthesized by traditional chemical methods. , photocatalytic reduction can provide a new synthesis route.