The perovskite solar cell (PSC) is a solar cell that includes compounds with a perovskite structure, most commonly mixed organic-inorganic materials with lead or tin halides, as the activity layer of light trapping.
Perovskite materials, such as methylammonium lead halide and fully inorganic cesium halide, are inexpensive to produce and easy to manufacture.
The solar cell efficiency of devices using these materials increased from 3.5% in 2009. 8% to 25% in 2020. 5% in single junction architecture and 29.1% in silicon-based tandem cells, surpassing the cellular efficiency achieved by single-junction silicon solar cells. Therefore, perovskite solar cells are currently the fastest growing solar technology.
Perovskite solar cells have the potential to achieve efficienciests higher and extremely low production costs and have become commercially attractive.
Are perovskite solar cells solid-state batteries?
Femtosecond sensing revealed that perovskite solar cells use solid-state semiconductors organic metal halides to absorb light. The materials present in the solar cells mean that the dyes in the dye-sensitized solar cells are replaced accordingly. In this perovskite structure (Figure 1), A is usually a methylamine group and B is mainly a Pb metal atom, and the metal Sn is also reported in small amounts, X is a single halogen atom such as Cl, Br, I or mixed atoms. Currently, the most common perovskite material in high-efficiency perovskite solar cells is methylamine lead iodide (PbI), which has a bandgap of approximately 1.5 eV.
WhenWhen exposed to sunlight, the perovskite layer first absorbs photons to generate electron-hole pairs. Due to the difference in exciton binding energy of perovskite materials, these carriers become free carriers or form excitons. Additionally, as these perovskite materials tend to have lower carrier recombination probability and higher carrier mobility, the diffusion distance and carrier lifetime are longer. For example, the diffusion length of the carrier is at least 100 nm, while the diffusion length of is even greater than . This is where the excellent performance of perovskite solar cells comes from.
Yes. The perovskite battery is a solar cell that uses an entirely solid perovskite structure as the light-absorbing material. A battery refers to a cup, tank or other container or partof a composite container containing an electrolyte solution and metal electrodes to generate electric current. It is a device capable of converting chemical energy into electrical energy.