Organic solar cells are solar cells whose components are entirely or partially organic. They use conductive polymers or small molecules for light absorption and charge transfer. The large-scale preparation, relatively low price, softness and other properties of organic materials make them promising for photovoltaic applications. The energy gap of organic molecules can be changed by changing the length and functional groups of molecules such as polymers. The molar extinction coefficient of organic matter is very high, allowing a small amount of organic matter to absorb a large amount of light.
Compared with inorganic solar cells, the main disadvantages of organic solar cells are lower energy conversion efficiency, poor stability and low intensity.