Manual production of solar cells 1. Make titanium dioxide film (1) First put the titanium dioxide powder into a mortar and grind it with a binder (2) Then use a glass rod to slowly apply a film to the conductive glass (3) Put the titanium dioxide film into the alcohol lamp to sinter for 10-15 minutes, then let it cool. 2. Use natural dyes to color titanium dioxide. As shown in the picture, add a tablespoon of fresh or frozen black plums. , mountain plums, pomegranate seeds or black tea, water and squeeze, then put the titanium dioxide film for coloring. It will take about 5 minutes until the film layer turns dark purple if the coloring of the film layer is uneven on both. On the sides you can put it in and soak it for another 5 minutes, then rinse it with ethanol and gently dry it withsoft paper.
3. Making the positive electrode colored by the dye is the electrode from which the electrons come out (the negative electrode). The positive electrode may be composed of a conductive surface of conductive glass (covered with a conductive film of SnO2). You can use a simple multimeter to determine which side of the glass is conductive. You can also use your fingers to make a judgment. the conductive surface is rough. As shown in the picture, mark the non-conductive surface with "+", then use a pencil to evenly apply a layer of graphite to the conductive surface. 4. Add electrolyte. Use a solution containing iodide ions as the electrolyte of solar cells. It is mainly used to reduce and regenerate dyes. As the picture shows, just add one to two drops of electrolyte on the surface of the titanium dioxide film. 5. Assemble the battery. Place thee colored titanium dioxide film face up on the table, drop one or two drops of electrolyte containing iodine and iodide ions onto the film, and then press the conductive side of the positive electrode face down onto the dioxide of titanium. movie. Offset the two pieces of glass slightly and use two pliers to clamp the battery. The exposed parts of the two pieces of glass are used to connect the wires. This way your solar cell is ready.
6. Battery Test Under outdoor sunlight, check whether your solar cell can generate current.
How to make a solar water heater
Make a DIY solar power generation device
In my previous blog, I wrote about decoration DIY Your Own Home and DIY Car Wash Tools, DIY Household Sewage Recycling Device, DIY Household Circulating Water Humidifying Device,if of DIY home burglar alarm, DIY home dishwashing device, DIY car cooking device, I want to share it with you today The best thing is to make your own solar power generation device!
1. Buy equipment
1. Polysilicon solar circuit board, 200 Wp, 130 cm long, 70 cm wide, 15 kg, 650 yuan,
2. battery Two pieces, 120ah, 900 yuan
3. Charge and discharge overload protector, 80 yuan
4. 1kw inverter, 24v to 220v, 400 yuan,
5. Battery voltage display meter, 10 yuan.
6. Electricity100 yuan for 50 meters of cable, 2 yuan for a box of clips, 4 yuan for sockets, 4 yuan for two plugs
7 60 yuan for two timers
8. Convert mains power to 24 volts to charge a 60 A relay, 120 yuan
9. 2 plugs, 2 yuan, a 220 V relay, 10 yuan and a socket, 5 yuan. A total of17 yuan
II. Installation
1. Attach the solar panel bracket to the sunny wall, which costs 100 yuan.
2. solar circuit board with the bracket is tilted towards the sun at an angle of 30 degrees.
3. Connection
1. Place the two batteries side by side and connect the positive and negative terminals.
2. Arrange the inner wires and secure them with clips. Since the house has been renovated, the wiring must be run along the baseboards to hide them.
3. Connect the interior wires to the outlet, plug in the timer switch, and set the switch to open at 6:00 and close at 6:30.
4. Set the charging time Connect the positive and negative poles of the battery, the positive and negative poles of the inverter, the positive and negative poles of the overload protector, the positive and negative poles of the voltage display meter and the poles positive and negative. solar panels at the poles ppositive and negative of the battery respectively.
5. Connect the contacts and plugs of the relay, connect the main power plug to the solar timer, connect the common power plug to the mains timer, and set the mains timer to start at 6am. Morning. Close at 6:30 and connect both normally open and normally closed ends to the outlet. , if you don't understand here, please refer to my blog post on Yelianzhongxin's blog; “Can a relay be used as a dual power automatic transfer switch? » 》
6. Insert the plug of the rice cooker (500W) into the socket connected to the relay
After the above 6 steps, the solar home power generation system is completed. the next day, the electric rice cooker will automatically cook rice at 7 o'clock, stir-fry something, eat for a while, finish washing and go to work.
BiSure, the battery still has some power left and can be used as a night or bathroom light, so I won't go into detail here.
It should be noted that both items 8 and 9 above can be saved, but it may cause inconvenience in your life, because solar energy cannot provide energy when it There are continuous clouds, and the equipment itself also requires Consumption consumes part of the energy. When the undervoltage is too low (generally considered to be less than 22.2V), the power must be replenished to avoid damage to the battery and reduce its life, so it must be replenished with mains power . , and item 9 is when solar power is not working, a relay is used as a transfer switch to automatically connect to the city power supply and continue to allow the rice cooker to chard to operate.
1. To prepare the materials, you must first prepare the following materials: solar panels, PVC pipes, tees, elbows, internal tooth joints, glue, insulating pipes, paint, electronic thermometers, old iron sheets, and plastic foam, old sponge, etc.
2. First find solid, good quality wood and simply make a 2.1X1.2m frame. Then make the T pipe into the heat exhaust pipe type of the water heater device, so that the effect is almost the same, and then add the bubble. Foam was poured onto the frame and the foam and the old iron were painted black.
3. Connect the shelf made of solar panels to the thermal tube. Note that the pipe must be installed with an insulating tube. If you have an electronic thermometer, you can install an electronic thermometer for easier detection. of the water temperature.
4. Install the pvertical post behind the support and the cardboard. The height and inclination of this vertical pole can be adjusted as desired. Then the glass tube is filled with water and the glass tube is first sealed and then placed on the rack. Then adjust the pole, observe the direct angle of the sun and adjust the pole to the corresponding height. The larger the area exposed to the sun, the better.
5. When adjusting the concave arc of the pole, you should do it on the roof of a building exposed to the sun or in a high place. The reflection of the sun focuses on the glass tube. better effect. Then simply attach the bracket.
6. After a while, the homemade solar water heater can use the principle of cold water flowing and hot water floating to check the water temperature. Then wait a while, then check the amount of hot water obtained. You can also fill the homemade solar water heater with a quappropriate water quantity according to the weather of the day and connect the pipe from the water outlet to the place where hot water is needed.