Principles of solar energy production

Introduction Principle of solar power generation Principle of solar power generation: A solar cell is a device that uses the photoelectric effect of semiconductor materials to convert solar energy into electrical energy. Basic process of photovoltaic effect: False

Principles of solar energy production

Solar power generation principle:

Solar cells are devices that use the photoelectric effect of semiconductor materials to convert energy solar into electrical energy. The basic process of photovoltaic effect: Assuming that light shines on the solar cell and is accepted at the interface layer, photons with sufficient energy can excite electrons of covalent bonds in P-type silicon and N-type silicon, resulting in the photovoltaic effect. electron generation - Pair of holes.

The electrons and holes adjacent to the interface layer will be separated from each other by the action of the electric field of the space charge before recombination. The electrons move towards the positively charged N region and the holes move towards the negatively charged P region. The separation of charges across the layer of interface will form an outward testable voltage between the P region and the N region.

At this point, electrodes can be added to both sides of the silicon wafer and a voltmeter can be connected. For crystalline silicon solar cells, the typical value of open circuit voltage is 0.5 to 0.6 V. The more electron-hole pairs generated by light illuminating the interface layer, the lower the current is high. The more light energy the interface layer receives, the larger the surface area of ​​the interface layer, i.e. the cell, and the greater the current formed in the solar cell.

What is the principle of solar water heater?

The working principle diagram of solar water heater 1. Cold water enters the heater solar water through the pipe and passes through the heat collecting plate, which can collect solar energy, convert solar energy into thermal energy, and thenheat cold water. Since the density of cold water is higher than that of hot water, the hot water will automatically increase and then form circulating power. The water will gradually heat up on the heat collecting plate. After reaching a certain temperature, it can enter. the hot water tank. Those who need hot water will be able to get hot water at any time. Heating Figure 2. In fact, the principle of solar water heaters mainly includes the following two principles: (1) The principle of water circulation, that is, the water flows automatically. This is based on the fact that cold water is denser than hot water. Cold water flows and hot water rises, forming natural convection that gradually heats the water in the water tank until it reaches the set water temperature. When the intensity of the sun is not sufficient to meet the needscirculation, a water pump can be added to the closed water circulation circuit to obtain forced circulation. (2) Collector heat absorption principle: There is a special coating on the collector surface of the solar water heater. This coating has a high absorption rate in the visible range of solar energy. After absorbing it in the form of heat, heat. the radiation from the collector will have the wavelength in the longwave range and the coating has low longwave emissivity, thus effectively retaining solar heat. This heat is then used to gradually heat the cold water into hot water. Solar collector tube Let's talk in detail about the collector tube on this collector. The collector tube is actually like an elongated hot water kettle liner. It is made of two glass tubes, one large and one small. the inner layer is covered with a spectrum-selective absorption coatingif and a straight void is drawn between the inner and outer tubes. It forms the core of the solar water heater and is used to maximize the absorption of thermal energy after solar radiation. The vacuum glass tube is round, with the characteristics of naturally following the broad source of the sun, coupled with the reflection principle of the reflector, the glass tube can receive light from all sides, the heat collection effect lasts longer, the water temperature is higher. , and it can work normally all year round even in alpine areas.

Many families have installed electric water heaters and solar water heaters because solar water heaters are very environmentally friendly and energy-saving equipment. So, what is the principle behind solar water heaters?

1. Principle of operation of the solar water heater

According to its literal meaning, this type of water heater uses energysolar energy and then converts it into thermal energy thanks to the action of light energy. , it can turn cold water into water. It turns into hot water and the water temperature is relatively high, which can meet the needs of people's living and production. One of the most commonly used on the market is an evacuated tube solar water heater with a collector tube, which mainly relies on this collector tube to convert solar energy into thermal energy. During the whole use process, cold water will flow, then hot water will float, so that a cycle can be achieved, and finally hot water can be obtained.

2. Can solar water heaters be used only on sunny days?

1. Many people have found that if it is cloudy, the solar water heater cannot work and cannot produce hot water. Mainly because solar water heatersires use the sun to function after all.

2. In response to this situation, some manufacturers have developed a space energy water heater. Although it is only one step away from the solar water heater, it is different. This type of water heater can also be used in cloudy weather, and according to its literal meaning, you can also understand that it combines solar energy and air energy, and the principle is relatively simple.

3. For example, if a Hot Rod device is added, solar energy can be used for heating on sunny days, but air energy can be used for heating on cloudy days. loss of water heater, hot water supply can be guaranteed almost 24 hours a day.

4. Whether it is summer or winter, whether it is sunny or cloudy, it can provide hot water, so it is more convenient. In addition, this type of solar water heater has a relatively long lifespan, and. maybeused for 15 years.

Editor's Summary: The working principle of a solar water heater is relatively simple, which is to use solar energy to convert cold water into hot water. In comparison, this type of water heater can only get hot water when. used on sunny days.

  • Popular Focus
  • Where is the cheapest battery wholesale?

    Where is the cheapest battery wholesale in Tangxia, Sanyuanli, Baiyun District? There is an enterprise specializing in the independent production of electric vehicles in Tangxia, Sanyuanli, Baiyun District, Baiyun Sanyuanli Avenue, Baiyun Sanyuanli Street
    08-02
  • Four 3.7V lithium batteries in series and parallel produce 7.4V/4.4A. How to reduce it to 4.8V/4.4A?

    Four 3.7V lithium batteries in series and parallel produce 7.4V/4.4A. I personally think it is impossible to reduce it to 4.8V/4.4A. Because the discharge platform of lithium batteries is generally set
    08-10
  • What are the materials of the negative electrodes of lithium batteries?

    What are the materials of the negative electrodes of lithium batteries? The main commercial applications of lithium batteries include graphite, which is a sheet of copper used to guide current and which does not react. another safe
    08-02
  • The difference between 18500 and 26500 batteries

    What is the difference between 18500 and 26500 batteries? The answer above is 18650. The person asking the question should ask what is the difference between 18505 and 26500 batteries. In the case of Fuant ER1
    08-02
  • What does 3.7V 80mAh written on a lithium battery mean?

    What does 3.7V 80mAh written on a lithium battery mean? 3.7 V, 80 mA = 0.08 A, H means 1 hour, or 3600 seconds. Taken together, it is
    08-02
  • How long does a lithium battery (cell phone battery) last?

    How long does a lithium battery (cell phone battery) last? The lifespan of mobile phone batteries, under normal conditions of use and without serious impact, the lifespan set by the manufacturer must be 5 years.
    08-02
  • Will lithium batteries explode when charging?

    Will lithium batteries explode when charged? Will lithium batteries explode when charged? Lithium battery explosions usually occur during the charging process, because the negative electrode material of lithium batteries is graphite or other carbon materi
    08-02
  • Parameters of lgdas31865 lithium battery

    Parameters of lgdas31865 lithium battery The parameters of lgdas31865 lithium battery are as follows: LGDAS31865 is a model 18650 lithium battery with a capacity of
    08-02
  • What are the main components of lithium battery electrolyte?

    What are the main components of lithium battery electrolyte? The composition of lithium battery electrolyte is shown below. 1. Ethylene carbonate: molecular formula C3H4O3. Colorless transparent liquid (>35℃), room temperature
    08-02
  • Who are the lithium battery manufacturers in Shandong?

    What are the lithium battery manufacturers in Shandong? Shandong Shengyang Power Supply Co., Ltd. and Shandong Weineng Environmental Protection Power Technology Co., Ltd. 1. Shandong Shengyang Power Supply Co., Ltd. is located in Shengyang, Qufu City.
    08-02
  • Types of drone batteries available in 2024

    Part 1. Types of drone batteries available in 2024In 2024, drone batteries have advanced significantly, offering a range of options to cater to various needs in
    07-30
  • How long does it take to charge 26650 battery?

    How long does it take to charge a 26650 battery? The charging time for a 26650 battery is generally between 3 and 6 hours, but the precise time depends on the power of the charger and the capacity of the battery. in general
    08-02
  • For what?Sure, here's an article based on the phrase "For what?

    The simple yet profound question, "For what?" often serves as a gateway to deeper reflections on purpose and intention. It is a query that invites us to delve into the reasons behind actions, decisions, and circumstances that shape our lives and the wor
    08-02
  • Choosing the Right Cart Battery

    This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need about cart batteries, from understanding different types to making an informed purchase decision.
    08-02
  • 30mAh~500mAh 3.7 V Li-ion Battery

    Welcome to Ufine's collection of 3.7V lithium-ion batteries ranging from 30mAh to 500mAh. Explore a diverse range of compact and lightweight batteries suitable for various electronic devices,
    08-02
  • Here are 10 essential facts about drone batteries for 2024.

    10 Key Facts About Drone Battery for 2024 In 2024, drone batteries have advanced significantly, offering a range of options to cater to various needs in the consumer, commercial, and industrial sectors. Below are the primary types of drone batteries avai
    08-02
  • Could you please explain the difference among IMR, ICR, INR, and IFR 18650 batteries?

    What is the Difference Between IMR, ICR, INR, and IFR 18650 Battery?In 18650 batteries, discerning the differences among IMR, ICR, INR, and IFR types is fundamental for tailored and efficient battery usage. These distinct
    08-02
  • Safety considerations for cart batteries

    Selecting the ideal cart battery is crucial for ensuring optimal performance and longevity of your electric vehicle or vaping device. This comprehensive guide w
    08-01