When the solar panel charges the battery or cell phone battery, direct connection is not allowed. The solar panel is strongly affected by light, such as shadows, angles, etc., so the output voltage is unstable and cannot be stable. 5V. Generally, it can be used with mobile power supply which can output and input at the same time. It would be better if the solar panel itself had a built-in battery.
A solar panel is a device that reacts to light and converts light energy into electricity. There are many types of materials that can produce photovoltaic effects, such as: monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, gallium arsenide, copper selenium indium, etc. Their principles of energy production are basically the same. Today, crystalline silicon is used as an example to describe the process of production of photovoltaic energy. Crystalline P-type silicon is doped with phosphorus to obtain N-type silicon, forming a P-N junction.
When light irradiates the surface of the solar cell, part of the photons are absorbed by the silicon material; the energy of the photons is transferred to the silicon atoms, causing the electrons to transition and become free electrons. accumulate on both sides of the P-N junction to form a potential difference, when the external circuit is connected, under the action of this voltage, a current will flow through the external circuit to produce a certain output power. The essence of this process is: the process of converting photon energy into electrical energy.