According to Aiwen Knowledge Network, the differences between the three types of silicon solar cells are as follows:
1. of monocrystalline silicon solar cells is The conversion efficiency is about 15%, with a maximum of 24%. This is the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency of all types of solar cells. This technology is also the most mature, but production costs are high and therefore have not yet been widely used. Since monocrystalline silicon is typically encapsulated in tempered glass and waterproof resin, it is durable and has a lifespan of 15 to 25 years.
2. Polycrystalline silicon solar cells. The production process of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is similar to that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is much higher.weak. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is about 12% (as of July 1, 2004, the efficiency of Japanese company Sharp was 14.8%. This is the polycrystalline silicon solar cell most efficient in the world). In terms of production cost, it is cheaper than monocrystalline silicon solar cells, the material is simple to manufacture, saves energy consumption, and the total production cost is low, so it has been much developed. In addition, the lifespan of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is shorter than that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells.
3. Amorphous thin film solar cells, the manufacturing method of amorphous silicon thin film solar cells is completely different from monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon solar cells. The process is greatly simplified, consumptionsilicon mation is low, power consumption is low, cost is light, conversion efficiency is high, and mass production is convenient. Its important advantage is that it can produce electricity even in low light conditions, which has great potential. However, an important problem of amorphous silicon solar cells is their low photoelectric conversion efficiency. The current international advanced level is around 10%, which is not stable enough. Over time, its conversion efficiency decreases, which directly affects its practical application.
What is the difference between crystalline silicon solar modules and thin film solar modules
Cadmium is highly toxic and will cause serious environmental pollution.
The second generation of solar cells is thin film technology.
Layered solar cellsthin amorphous silicon: the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cells gradually decreases under the action of intense light. This problem is the main obstacle to the further development of amorphous silicon thin-film solar cells.
Multi-compound thin-film solar cells: mainly include II-V gallium arsenide compounds, cadmium sulfide, cadmium telluride and copper selenide thin-film cells, d indium and gallium. The cost is lower than monocrystalline silicon cells, but. because cadmium contains It is highly toxic and will cause serious environmental pollution.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of different types of solar panels?
1. Crystalline silicon solar panels
Crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells are currently the most widely used solar cells, mainlyalso due to the stability of crystalline silicon. The efficiency can reach 15-25%.
Crystalline silicon relies on mature process technology that is based on large amounts of data and has generally proven to be reliable. However, crystalline silicon absorbs light and has a low wire capacitance, which may be an inherent flaw with its ultra-small construction, so it must be quite thick and sturdy.
A basic crystalline silicon cell consists of 7 layers (Figure 1). A transparent adhesive is connected to the protective glass layer, and underneath is an anti-reflective coating to ensure that all light passes through the silicon crystal. layer.
Similar to semiconductor technology, the N layer sandwiched between the P layer has two electrical contact points: the top layer is positively charged and the bottom layer is negatively charged.
2. PaThin Film Solar Panels
Even if scrap silicon wafers are used, silicon wafers are not necessarily inexpensive given their efficiency levels. Thin-film solar cells are cheaper than traditional solar panels, but are also less efficient, with photovoltaic conversion rates between 20% and 30%.
3. The difference between thin film solar panels and crystalline silicon solar panels
There are generally two types of crystalline silicon: monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon.
Single crystal silicon comes from high purity single crystals, cut into wafers 150mm in diameter and 200mm thick. Polysilicon is more popular and can be manufactured in larger volumes, for example by cutting the silicon into strips and then slicing it.
Whichever oneused, the power generated by silicon solar cells is about 0.5V, and multiple cells can be connected in series to increase the output voltage.
Depending on the materials used, typical thin-film solar cells can be divided into the following four categories: amorphous silicon (a-Si) and thin-film silicon (TF-Si); Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIS or CIGS) and Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSC) as well as other natural materials.
The structure of thin-film solar cells is not much different from that of silicon crystal solar cells. It contains a six-layer structure (Figure 2).
In this structure, the transparent coating covers the anti-reflective layer, followed by the PN junction, then the contact plate and the substrate. It is obvious that the operating principle (photovoltaic) is the same as that of solar cells.crystalline silicon.
Detailed information:
It has high photoelectric conversion efficiency and high reliability; advanced diffusion technology ensures uniformity of conversion efficiency throughout the chip; ensures good conductivity and reliable fixation and weldability of the electrodes; High precision screen printing graphics and high flatness make the battery easy to weld and laser cut automatically.
Transparent battery components
1. The theme of laminated components generating electricity
2. Aluminum alloy protects the rolled components, which plays a certain role of sealing and supporting< /p>
3. The junction box protects the entire power generation system and serves as a power transfer station. If the module is shortrcuded, the junction box will automatically disconnect the shorted battery string to avoid burning the entire system. The most critical thing in the junction box is the selection of diodes based on the type of battery cells in it. module, the corresponding diodes are also different.
4, Silicone sealing function, used to seal the junction between components and aluminum alloy frames, components and junction boxes. Some companies use double-sided tape and foam to replace silica gel. The process is simple and convenient. , easy to use and inexpensive.
Laminated structure (according to process sequence)
1. The role of tempered glass is to protect the main power generation body (battery cells), and the selection of light transmission has requirements: 1) The light transmission should be high (generally higherlaughing at 91%); 2) Ultra-white tempered treatment
2. EVA is used to bond and fix the tempered glass and the main body of the power supply. generation (like battery cells). The advantages and disadvantages of transparent EVA materials directly affect the service life of the component. EVA exposed to air is prone to aging and yellowing, thereby affecting the light transmission of the component and thereby affecting power generation. quality of the component. In addition to the quality of the EVA itself,
the layer of the component manufacturer The impact of the pressing process is also very important. For example, if the viscosity of EVA adhesive does not increase. complies with standards and the bonding strength between EVA, tempered glass and backplane is insufficient, it will cause premature aging of EVA and affect the service life of components.
3. Main electricity production organization?
The main function is to produce electricity. The main power generation bodies in the market are crystalline silicon solar cells and thin film solar cells. which have their own advantages and disadvantages. Crystalline silicon solar cells have relatively low equipment costs, but the consumption and costs of cells are high, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is also high, so they are more suitable for power generation under the outdoor sunlight;
Thin film solar cells have relatively low equipment costs. High, but battery consumption and cost are very low. The photoelectric conversion efficiency is lower than that of crystalline silicon cells, but the low light effect is very good. light, like solar cells in calculators.
4. The backplane serves as asealing, insulation and waterproofing (generally TPT, TPE, etc.). Component manufacturers generally offer a 25-year warranty. Aluminum alloy generally poses no problems. The key lies in the ability of the backplate and silicone to meet the requirements.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Solar Cell Components
Cadmium sulfide and cadmium telluride polycrystalline thin film cells are more efficient than amorphous silicon. Film solar cells have high efficiency, lower cost than monocrystalline silicon cells, and are easy to mass produce. However, as cadmium is very toxic and can cause serious environmental pollution, they are not an ideal substitute for crystalline silicon. cells.
Solar cells are devices that convert light energy into electrical energy. The principle is the efphotovoltaic fet, that is, the built-in electric field of the PN junction causes the photogenerated carriers to separate and reach both sides of the junction to generate photovoltage when connected to an external circuit, the output power of the. The solar cell is linked to light intensity. The stronger the light, the stronger the light intensity, the stronger the output power.
Solar cells do not need to consume chemicals and generate electricity as long as there is sunlight; Ordinary batteries must undergo chemical reactions to produce electricity when there is no light. do not have this limitation.
However, it is subject to the decline in photoelectric efficiency caused by its materials. The effect and stability are not high, which directly affects its practical application. If the stability problem and the conversation rate problemion can be further resolved, then large amorphous silicon solar cells will undoubtedly be one of the main development products of solar cells.