(1) Battery test
Due to the randomness of battery cell production conditions, the performance of the produced batteries is not the same, so in order to effectively combine the batteries with constant or similar performance, so they must be classified according to their performance parameters; Battery testing involves classifying batteries by testing their output parameters (current and voltage). In order to improve the utilization rate of batteries and manufacture qualified quality battery components.
(2) Front welding
Solder the bus strip to the main grid line on the front side of the battery (negative electrode). The bus strip is a tin-plated copper strip. The welding machine we use can spot weld the welding strip on the main grid line in a multi-point manner. The heat source used for welding is an infrared lamp (usednt the thermal effect of infrared rays). The length of the welding tape is approximately twice the side length of the battery. The extra welding tape is connected to the back electrode of the next battery part during back welding.
(3) Back-end series connection
Back-end welding involves connecting batteries together to form a chain of components. The process used is manual. The positioning of the battery mainly relies on a membrane plate. , there are grooves for placing drum sheets. The size of the groove corresponds to the size of the battery. Different models are used for components of different specifications. wire for soldering the "front battery" The front electrode (negative electrode) is soldered to the rear electrode (positive electrode) of the "rear battery", so that they are connected in series and the wires are soldered to the electrodes positive and negativeatives of the component chain.
(4) Laying the laminate
Once the rear side is connected in series and passed inspection, the component chains, the glass and the cut EVA, the fiber Glass and back panel are arranged according to a certain level laid and ready for lamination. The glass is pre-coated with a layer of primer to increase the bonding strength between the glass and the EVA. When laying, ensure the relative position of the battery string, glass and other materials, and adjust the distance between batteries to establish a solid foundation for lamination. (Installation level: from bottom to top: tempered glass, EVA, battery cells, EVA, fiberglass, backplane).
(5) Component Lamination
Put the laid batteries into the laminator, extract the air from the components by vacuuming, then heat to melt the EVA to melt the batteries and glass. and the back plate are colés together; the whole is finally cooled and removed. The lamination process is a key step in the production of components. The lamination temperature and time are determined by the properties of the EVA. When we use fast curing EVA, the lamination cycle time is about 25 minutes. The curing temperature is 150°C.
(6) Cutting
During rolling, EVA melts and solidifies outward due to pressure to form burrs, so it needs to be removed after cutting rolling.
(7) Framing
This is similar to installing a frame on glass; Installing aluminum frames over glass components increases component strength, further seals battery components, and extends component life. battery life. The gaps between the frame and the glass components are filled with silicone resin. Each image is linked tocorner keys.
(8) Solder Junction Box
Solder a box at the wire to the back of the component, to facilitate the connection between the battery and other devices or batteries .
(9) High voltage test
High voltage test refers to the application of a certain voltage between the module frame and the electrode wire to test the voltage resistance and insulation strength of the module. to ensure that the module will survive severe conditions. It will not be damaged under natural conditions (lightning, etc.).
(10) Component testing
The purpose of the test is to calibrate the output power of the battery, test its output characteristics, and determine the quality level of the component . The main objective is to simulate the standard test conditions (STC) of the sunshine test. Generally, the testing time required for a solar panel is around 7-8 seconds.
2． Production processn of silicon solar cells
The usual crystalline silicon solar cells are manufactured on high-quality silicon wafers with a thickness of 350 to 450 μm, which are sawn from drawn silicon ingots or cast Become.
The above method actually consumes more silicon. In order to save materials, chemical vapor deposition methods are currently used to prepare polysilicon thin-film batteries, including low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) and chemical vapor deposition processes. plasma-enhanced (PECVD). Additionally, liquid phase epitaxy (LPPE) and sputter deposition methods can also be used to prepare polycrystalline silicon thin film cells.
Chemical vapor deposition mainly uses SiH2Cl2, SiHCl3, SiCl4 or SiH4 as the reaction gas. He reacts under a certainprotective atmosphere to generate silicon atoms and deposit them on a heated substrate. , SiO2, Si3N4, etc. However, studies have shown that it is difficult to form larger grains on substrates other than silicon, and it is easy to form gaps between grains. The way to solve this problem is to first use LPCVD to deposit a thin layer of amorphous silicon on the substrate, then anneal this amorphous silicon layer to get larger grains, and then deposit it on top of this seed layer of silicon. therefore, recrystallization technology is undoubtedly a very important link. The currently used technologies mainly include solid phase crystallization method and midzone melt recrystallization method. In addition to the recrystallization process, polycrystalline silicon thin film cells also adopt almost all tetechniques for preparing monocrystalline silicon solar cells. The conversion efficiency of the solar cells thus produced is significantly improved.
The solar panel voltage in the calculator is 2 volts and 4 volts [measured at noon]