The sun is a huge gaseous fireball with a diameter of 13.9198 × 1010 cm. Its mass is 333,000 times that of Earth and its volume is 1.3 million times that of Earth. Its density is therefore lower than that of the Earth. land, about 1.41 times that of water, or about 1.41 times that of water. Same for Jupiter. Gravity on the surface of the Sun is 28 times greater than that on the surface of the Earth. So if you weigh 100 pounds, when you stand on the surface of the sun, your weight can reach 2,800 pounds, or 1.4 tons! He’s truly a super-heavyweight giant.
The sun continually radiates energy into the universe in the form of electromagnetic waves. This energy is released by the fusion of four hydrogen nuclei into one helium nucleus under conditions of high temperature and pressure. We know that the atomic weight of a hydrogen nucleus is 1.00728, that of a helium nucleus is 4.0015 and the mass of fourhydrogen nuclei should be 4.0292. When four hydrogen nuclei are merged into one helium nucleus, 0.0276 mass units will be lost. Among them, when 1 gram of hydrogen nuclei is merged into helium nuclei, 0.0069 grams of mass will be lost. This means that solar energy is produced at the expense of mass and that the mass transformed into solar radiation no longer belongs to the sun. The sun loses about 4 million tons of mass every second, which is simply too insignificant compared to the sun's enormous mass. In the 5 billion years since the birth of the sun until today, the sun has consumed only 0.03% of its mass. Even in 5 billion years, it will only consume 0.06% of its mass. But the question is: whatever the mass of the sun, it is always limited. How long can its lifespan be? What impact will it have on Earth?
Does solar energy come fromnuclear? nuclear fission or fusion
Solar energy comes from internal nuclear fusion reactions.
In fact, the nuclear fusion reaction is like the explosion of a hydrogen bomb. It is the process of fusion of four hydrogen nuclei into a single hydrogen nucleus inside the sun. During this process, the sun will release a large amount of energy and continue to burn hydrogen. But this type of combustion does not require the help of oxygen and will transform into a new element after combustion.
According to astronomers' analysis, the Sun is a yellow dwarf star, and the lifespan of a yellow dwarf star is about 10 billion years. Hydrogen stored in the sun can keep it burning for 10 billion years. So, now that the Sun is almost 5 billion years old, it still has 5 billion years of available hydrogen left.
Structure
According to the inrelative intensity of solar activity, the sun can be divided into two categories: the calm sun and the active sun. The Quiet Sun is a spherically symmetrical ball of hot gas theoretically assumed to be silent. Its properties only change with radius and are uniform in any sphere. Its goal is to study the overall structure and general properties of the Sun. In this hypothesis, from the inside out, the sun is composed of a core, a radiation zone, a troposphere, a photosphere, a chromosphere and a corona. What lies below the photosphere is called the interior of the sun; what is above the photosphere is called the solar atmosphere.
Solar energy comes from nuclear fusion.
1. Solar energy is generated by the fusion of hydrogen and helium inside the sun to release enormous nuclear energy. The major partof the energy needed by man comes directly or indirectly from the sun. Plants release oxygen, absorb carbon dioxide and convert solar energy into chemical energy and store it in the plant body through photosynthesis.
2. Fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas are also primary energy sources formed by the evolution of ancient animals and plants buried underground over a long geological period. The energy contained in the earth itself generally refers to the energy related to the thermal energy inside the earth and the energy related to the nuclear reaction.
3. The energy linked to nuclear reactions is nuclear energy. When the structure of the atomic nucleus changes, it can release a large amount of energy, called nuclear energy, or nuclear energy for short, commonly known as atomic energy. It comes from the energy resources ofe nuclear fission when uranium, plutonium, etc. stored in the earth's crust undergo fission reactions, and nuclear fusion energy resources when deuterium, tritium, lithium, etc. stored in the ocean undergo fusion reactions.
4. Solar energy is the energy generated by the continuous nuclear fusion reaction process inside the sun. The average intensity of solar radiation in Earth's orbit is 1369 W/㎡. The equatorial circumference of the Earth is 40,076 kilometers, so it can be calculated that the energy obtained by the Earth can reach 173,000 TW.