Perovskite solar cells (PSC) are a type of solar cell that includes structured perovskite-based compounds, most commonly lead or tin halide organic-inorganic hybrid materials, as a layer active optical capture.
Perovskite materials, such as methylammonium lead halides and fully inorganic cesium halides, are inexpensive to produce and easy to manufacture.
The solar cell efficiency of devices using these materials increased from 3.8% in 2009 to 25.5% in 2020, reaching 29.1% in silicon-based tandem cells in single junction architectures, exceeding the efficiency of cells obtained by. single junction silicon solar cells. Therefore, perovskite solar cells are currently the fastest growing solar technology.
Perovskite solar cellshave become commercially attractive due to their potential to achieve higher yields and extremely low production costs.
Advantages and disadvantages of perovskite cells
The main categories of new solar cells currently include: organic solar cells, perovskite solar cells, solar cells copper, indium and gallium selenide. , quantum dot solar cells, polycrystalline silicon thin film solar cells.
1. Organic solar cells: This type of battery is made from organic materials and is typically lightweight, flexible, and customizable. The research and development of organic solar cells has made significant progress in recent years, making this type of cell a promising alternative energy source.
2. Perovskite solar cells: perovskite solar cells sont a new type of high-efficiency solar cells that use perovskite materials as the light-absorbing layer. Perovskite solar cells have high conversion efficiencies and can be manufactured in large sizes, making them ideal for large-scale applications.
3. Copper Indium Gallium Selenide Solar Cells: This type of solar cells uses elements such as copper, indium, gallium and selenium as the main components. CIGS solar cells have high efficiency and stability and can operate in different environments.
4. Quantum dot solar cells: Quantum dot solar cells use quantum dot materials to absorb sunlight and generate current. This type of battery offers high efficiency and stability while being relatively inexpensive to manufacture, making it an alte energy sourcepromising native.
5. Polycrystalline silicon thin film solar cells: This type of solar cell is made of a thin layer of polycrystalline silicon and generally has the advantages of being lightweight and foldable. Polycrystalline silicon thin-film solar cells are relatively inexpensive to manufacture and can operate in a variety of environments.
Perovskite solar cellsAdvantages and disadvantages:
Advantages of a perovskite solar cell: conversion efficiency The development speed increased from 3.8% to 20.3% in 6 years. In November 2013, American scientists found in the latest research that the conversion efficiency of new perovskite solar cells could reach 50%, which is twice as efficient as the solar cells currently on the market, showing that it still has great development potential;the battery manufacturing process is simple and liquid deposition, vapor deposition, and mixed liquid/vapor deposition processes are often used in laboratories
Disadvantages of perovskite batteries: Toxic materials Battery materials Perovskites contain lead, but lead is nothing compared to the arsenic, gallium, tellurium, and cadmium found in other types of batteries.
Northwestern University in the United States has also developed a perovskite solar cell that uses tin instead of lead. However, the conversion efficiency of this cell is only 6% and the material is currently very unstable. in the early stages of research and development;