Solar cells, also known as photovoltaic cells, are semiconductor devices that convert solar energy into electrical energy. Here are the most common types of solar cells:
Silicon solar cells: Silicon solar cells are the most common type of solar cells and include monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, and amorphous silicon. Monocrystalline silicon solar cells have the highest efficiency, but have higher costs; polycrystalline silicon solar cells have lower costs and are slightly less efficient; Amorphous silicon solar cells have low production costs, but have the lowest efficiency.
Cadmium selenide solar cells: Cadmium selenide solar cells have high efficiency and long life, but they contain toxic substances.
Copper-indium-gallium selenide solar cells: Copper-indium-gallium selenide solar cells are made of copper, indium, gallium and selenium and have high efficiency, but the production cost is pupil.
Organic solar cells: Organic solar cells use organic materials as semiconductors and are relatively inexpensive, but have low efficiency and a short lifespan.
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Dye-sensitized solar cells use organic dyes to absorb solar energy and then convert it into electricity. They have the advantage of being inexpensive, light, flexible and easy to manufacture, but are less effective.
Perovskite solar cell: Perovskite solar cell is a new type of solar cell developed in recent years, which has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost and low cost.long lifespan.
Main materials of solar cells
What are the materials of solar panels?
A solar panel is a device that converts solar energy into electrical energy. It is mainly made of a series of different materials. The characteristics, efficiency and cost of these materials all affect the use and promotion of solar panels.
First of all, the main material of solar panels is silicon. Silicon is widely used in the manufacturing of solar panels due to its good semiconductor properties and transparency. Silicon materials are divided into monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon and amorphous silicon. Among them, monocrystalline silicon solar panels have the highest efficiency, but their cost is higher. Polycrystalline solar panels are cheaper but slightly less efficient. The panelsx amorphous silicon solar panels have higher production efficiency and lower cost, but have lower output.
Secondly, solar panels also contain other auxiliary materials, including electrode materials, packaging materials and reflective materials. Among them, metal materials such as aluminum or silver are generally selected as electrode materials, which are used to collect the current generated by solar panels. Encapsulation materials are used to protect and secure solar panels to prevent them from being damaged by external forces or oxidized by moisture. Reflective materials are used to improve the energy conversion efficiency of solar panels. At present, the main reflective materials for solar panels are glass, tempered glass, etc.
Finally, with co-developmentAs technology continues, solar panel materials are also constantly evolving and improving. In the future, solar panel materials will be more diversified, such as organic solar panels, dye-sensitized solar panels, etc.
Generally, solar cellsThe material of the panel not only determines the performance and efficiency of the solar panel, but also affects the cost and promotion of the solar panel. We must continue to pay attention to the development of solar panel materials to promote the application and promotion of solar panels in a wider range of fields.
The main materials of solar cells are monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon.
Polycrystalline silicon is a form of elemental silicon. Molten elemental silicon solidifies under supercooled conditions. The silicon atoms it contains arearranged in the form of a diamond lattice into numerous crystal nuclei. crystals, if the grains have different surface orientations, then when these grains are combined, they will crystallize into polycrystalline silicon.
Single crystal silicon is a single crystal belonging to the silicon wafer. It has a virtually complete lattice structure and is extracted from high purity polycrystalline silicon in a single crystal furnace. The purity requirement reaches 99.9999%, even 99.9999%. 99.9999999% above. Monocrystalline silicon is a relatively active nonmetallic element and an important component of crystalline materials.