Monocrystalline silicon Solar panels aremore expensive. The differences between the two are as follows:
1. production process To process monocrystalline solar cells, the silicon wafer must first be doped and diffused. Generally, dopants are traces of boron, phosphorus, antimony, etc. Diffusion is carried out in a high temperature diffusion furnace made of quartz tubes. This forms a P/N junction on the silicon wafer. Then use the screen printing method to print the prepared silver paste onto the silicon wafer to create grid lines. After sintering, a back electrode is made at the same time, and an anti-reflection source is covered on the surface with the grid lines. prevent a large number of photons. It is reflected by the smooth surface of the silicon wafer. At this point, the solar cellmonocrystalline silicon is manufactured.
The processing process of polycrystalline solar cells is to select polycrystalline blocks or monocrystalline silicon heads and tails with a resistivity of 100-300 ohm cm, crush them, and use hydrofluoric acid 1:5 and a mixture of nitric acid. is properly etched, then rinsed with deionized water to make it neutral and dried.
Put the polycrystalline silicon material into a quartz crucible, add an appropriate amount of borosilicate, place it in a casting furnace, then heat and melt it under vacuum. After melting, it must be kept warm for about 20 minutes and then injected into the graphite mold. After solidification and slow cooling, the polycrystalline silicon ingot is obtained. This type of silicon ingot can be molded into cubes so that it can be sliced and made into square solar cells, which can improveimprove the use of materials and facilitate assembly.
2. Different photoelectric conversion rates
The highest conversion efficiency of laboratory monocrystalline silicon cells is 24.7%, and the conversion efficiency of ordinary commercialization is 10 %-18%. The maximum laboratory efficiency of polycrystalline silicon solar cells reaches 20.3%, and the general commercial efficiency is generally 10-16%. Although it appears that monocrystalline silicon has a higher conversion rate, the final efficiency of finished solar panels made from monocrystalline and polycrystalline cells is about the same.
First of all, monocrystalline silicon solar cells and polycrystalline silicon solar cells have a very good lifespan and very good stability. Second, although the average conversion efficiency of silicon solar cellsm monocrystalline is about 2% higher than that of polycrystalline silicon solar cells, since monocrystalline silicon solar cells can only be made into a quasi-square shape (the four vertices are arcs), when forming a solar When the battery module is used, part of the area cannot be filled, but polycrystalline silicon solar cells are square, so this problem does not exist. So for solar panels, the efficiency is basically the same.
3. Different appearance
Color: The background color of monocrystalline silicon surface is black or light blue, while the background color of polycrystalline silicon surface is mainly blue or colored.
Area: Compared to polycrystalline panels and monocrystalline panels of the same power, the surface area of polycrystalline panels is slightly larger than thesurface of monocrystalline panels.
Solar panels: Due to manufacturing process issues, monocrystalline silicon solar cells are typically cylindrical in shape. After slicing, the four corners of the monocrystalline silicon cells are rounded and assembled into solar panels. There will be obvious diamond-shaped spaces.
Polycrystalline silicon solar cells typically come in the form of cubes as semi-finished silicon ingots. After being sliced, polycrystalline silicon solar cells are square when assembled into solar panels, they have the highest fill rate and. the product is relatively beautiful.
4. Market trends and prices are different
Due to the different manufacturing processes of the two solar cell materials, the energy consumed in the manufacturing process of solar cellspolycrystalline silicon solar cells are about 30% smaller than monocrystalline silicon solar cells.
In terms of production costs, polycrystalline silicon solar cells are cheaper than monocrystalline silicon solar cells. The manufacturing of materials is simpler, saves energy and therefore the overall production cost is lower. The most popular It has been greatly developed and is also the most widely used solar panel.
So the market price of monocrystalline solar panels is relatively high, but polycrystalline solar panels are more widely installed and used. However, since monocrystalline cells cannot cover the entire solar panel and polycrystalline cells do not waste space, there is not much difference in power generation efficiency between the two.
Of course, the panelsSolar uxes are best made of polysilicon! Polycrystalline silicon solar panels are typically two to three times faster than monocrystalline silicon. To stabilize voltage, solar panels work by generating an electric current through the directional movement of electrons. Typically, monocrystalline silicon panels are much thinner than polycrystalline silicon panels and are also very inexpensive.
The difference between monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon is that monocrystalline silicon looks like a blackboard. There will be no reflection lines. However, the polysilicon appears to have ice cracks.