(1) Monocrystalline silicon solar cells The photoelectric conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon solar cells is about 15%, the highest reaching 24%. This is currently the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency among all types of solar cells, but production. its cost is so high that it cannot yet be used in large quantities, widely and commonly. Since monocrystalline silicon is typically encapsulated in tempered glass and waterproof resin, it is strong and durable, with a lifespan of typically up to 15 years and up to 25 years. (2) Polycrystalline silicon solar cells The manufacturing process of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is similar to that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is much lower. Its efficiencyphotoelectric conversion is about 12% (Japan July). January 1, 2004 Sharp launches the world's most efficient polycrystalline silicon solar cell, with an efficiency of 14.8%). In terms of production cost, it is cheaper than monocrystalline silicon solar cells. The material is easy to manufacture, saves energy, and the overall production cost is low, so it has been widely developed. In addition, the lifespan of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is shorter than that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells. In terms of performance-price ratio, monocrystalline silicon solar cells are slightly better. (3) Amorphous silicon solar cells Amorphous silicon solar cells are a new type of thin film solar cells that appeared in 1976. They are completely different from monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon solar cells inmanufacturing methods. The process is greatly simplified and the material is silicon. the consumption is very low, it consumes less energy and its main advantage is that it can produce electricity even in low light conditions. However, the main problem of amorphous silicon solar cells is that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is low. The current international advanced level is around 10%, and its conversion efficiency is decreasing over time.
What are the photovoltaic components of solar panels?
When designing and calculating the components of solar cells, when the load remains unchanged throughout the year, the Design calculation of solar cell components is based on radiation According to the lowest month. If the operating conditions of the load change, that is, the energy demand of the load is different each month, then the bestTheir method to adopt in the design is to calculate according to different seasons or each month, and calculate the maximum number of solar modules. required. Usually in summer, spring and autumn, the electrical energy output of solar modules is relatively large, while in winter it is relatively small. However, the load demand can also be relatively large in summer, so in this case only the annual average or. a certain month is used. The design calculation is inaccurate because the number of solar modules required to meet the load demand each month is different, so the solar modules needed for that month must be calculated based on the load required each month. The maximum value is the number of solar modules required per year. For example, the number of solar cell modules required in winter is calculated in blocks, but in summer only blocks may be required.ires. However, in order to ensure the normal operation of the photovoltaic power generation system throughout the year, a larger number of modules is required. Solar cell modules, i.e. bulk modules, need to be installed to meet the charging requirements throughout the year.
Solar panels are also called photovoltaic modules and are composed of the following elementsComposition:
1) The role of tempered glass is to protect the main power generation body (such as cells), and there are requirements for its selection of light transmission 1. The light transmission should be high. (usually above 91%); 2. Ultra-white tempered treatment
2) EVA is used to bond and fix tempered glass and the main body of power generation (such as battery cells). Transparent EVA material directly affects the life of the component. Exposed EVAin air It is easy to age and yellow, thereby affecting the light transmission of the module and thus affecting the power generation quality of the module in addition to the quality of the module. EVA itself, the module manufacturer's lamination process also has a great impact. For example, the bonding degree of EVA is not up to standard, and EVA and tempered glass, insufficient bonding strength of the backplane will cause EVA to prematurely age and affect. the lifespan of the components.
3) The main function of cells is to produce electricity. The main market for power generation is crystalline silicon solar cells and thin-film solar cells, both of which have their own advantages and disadvantages. Crystalline silicon solar cells have relatively low equipment costs, but the consumption and costs of the cells are high, but thePhotoelectric conversion efficiency is also high, making them suitable for generating electricity under outdoor sunlight. Thin-film solar cells have relatively high equipment costs, but the equipment costs are relatively high. battery consumption and costs are high. The cost is very low, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency is more than half of that of crystalline silicon cells, but the low light effect is very good, and can also generate electricity under ordinary light, such as For example. solar cells on calculators.
4) The EVA works as above, mainly bonding and encapsulating the main body of the power generation and the backplane
5) The function of the backplane basket is sealing, insulation and waterproofing. (generally TPT, TPE and other materials should be used) RResistance to aging, most component manufacturers have a 25-year warranty. Tempered glass and aluminum alloy generally pose no problem. The key is the ability of the backplane and silicone to meet the requirements. /p>
6) Protective lamination in aluminum alloy. It plays a certain sealing and supporting role
7) The junction box protects the entire power generation system and acts as a current transfer station if the component. is shorted, the junction box automatically disconnects the shorted battery string to prevent the entire system from shutting down. The most critical thing in the junction box is the diode selection. Depending on the type of cells in the module, the corresponding diodes are also different.
8) The silicone sealing function is used to seal the module and the module. aluminum alloy frame, themodule and the junction of the junction box. Some companies use double-sided tape and foam to replace silica gel. The process is simple, practical, easy to use and the cost is very low.