According to the different raw materials used to make batteries, solar cells can be divided into crystalline silicon solar cells and thin film solar cells. Crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells are divided into monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cells, and polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic cells can be divided into silicon-based thin-film cells, compound semiconductor thin-film cells and photochemical sensitized photovoltaic cells. by a dye. Crystalline silicon photovoltaic solar cells are manufactured by diffusion onto monocrystalline or polycrystalline silicon wafers.
Crystalline silicon solar cell module manufacturing mainly involves the monolithic interconnection and packaging of crystalline silicon solar cells to protect the electrodes, prevent corrosion ofs interconnection lines and avoid cell breakage.
What are photovoltaic panels? Is it the film on the solar panel? Glass?
As we all know, solar energy is a widely used clean energy source. Places like Lhasa, China are covered in solar panels that people can use. While everyone is enjoying the comfort and cleanliness that solar energy brings, many scientists have raised questions. Is solar energy really clean energy?
When we talk about solar energy, we must mention our tool for obtaining solar energy - the solar panel. There is no doubt that solar panels do not emit greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide when producing electricity. It is for this reason that clean energy sources such as solar energy are favored by those who are concerned about consumption.energy and greenhouse gas emissions, thereby harming the environment.
But we all know that silicon is mentioned in high school chemistry textbooks as an important component of solar panels. Manufacturing solar panels itself requires a lot of effort. Solar panels use silicon to absorb and convert sunlight, and melting and purifying silicon in particular requires large amounts of heat. The melting point of silicon is 1,414°C, only 124°C lower than that of iron. Meanwhile, silicon is melted in electric furnaces and most electricity is produced by burning fossil fuels. This means that a large amount of carbon dioxide is emitted during the manufacturing process of solar panels. As a result, some scientists point out that new solar panels already carry a "dette carbon” before even being put into service. From a greenhouse gas reduction perspective, it is necessary to pay off the carbon debt before panels become part of the solution (rather than the problem).
Scientists report in Nature Communications that they have calculated the energy needed to make all the solar panels installed worldwide between 1975 and 2015, as well as the carbon dioxide emissions caused by production of this energy. They also looked at the energy generated by installing the panels and the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere. Although China relies more on fossil fuels to generate electricity, greenhouse gas emissions from manufacturing a panel in China are almost twice as high as in Europe, but this can allow China to save a lot of electricity generated by combustion of comfossil bustibles. After comparing the two, it was found that the environmental benefits of installing solar panels in China are greater than those in Europe.
After completing their research, these scientists discovered that currently produced solar panels would emit on average about 20 grams of carbon dioxide per kilowatt hour over their lifetime (regardless of when they were produced, approximately 30 grams of carbon dioxide per kilowatt hour). years). This number was 4 in 197500 to 500 grams. Likewise, the time required for a solar panel to generate the energy consumed during its manufacture has fallen from around 20 years to two years or even less.
Although emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide have been significantly reduced, this does not mean they have been completely eliminated. Some even point out that our use of solar energyshould be taxed like other energy sources that emit greenhouse gases. But at the same time, some object that if we care about everything, we cannot talk about clean energy.
Although there is extensive debate on this issue in society, the editor believes that we do not need to worry too much about these so-called greenhouse gases generated during the manufacturing process, but that we should focus on the economic benefits. provided by these clean energy sources. After all, as technology advances around the world, we will certainly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and make our planet cleaner.
Photovoltaic panel refers to the solar panel, called solar cell module in the industry - you can refer to the following article
Solar cell is a broad concept, which refers to both solar energy and pe cellsCan also refer to photovoltaic modules
BTW, not all modules use coated glass