A single solar cell cannot be used directly as a source of energy. To realize a power supply, several individual cells must be connected in series, in parallel and tightly sealed in the components. Solar cell modules (also called solar panels, photovoltaic modules) are the core part of the solar power generation system and the most important part of the solar power generation system. Its function is to convert solar energy into electrical energy, or send it to the battery for storage, or to promote work under load. The quality and cost of the solar modules will directly determine the quality and cost of the entire system.
(1) Monocrystalline silicon solar cells The photoelectric conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon solar cells is about 15%, the highest reaching 24%. This is theHighest photoelectric conversion efficiency among all types of monocrystalline silicon solar cells. Solar cells are currently the most efficient, but the cost of production is so high that they cannot be widely and commonly used in large quantities. Since monocrystalline silicon is typically encapsulated in tempered glass and waterproof resin, it is strong and durable, with a lifespan of typically up to 15 years and up to 25 years. (2) Polycrystalline silicon solar cells The manufacturing process of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is similar to that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is much lower. Its photoelectric conversion efficiency is about 12% (Japan July). January 1, 2004 Sharp launches polycrystalline silicon solar cellin the most efficient in the world, with an efficiency of 14.8%). In terms of production cost, it is cheaper than monocrystalline silicon solar cells. The material is easy to manufacture, saves energy, and the overall production cost is low, so it has been widely developed. In addition, the lifespan of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is shorter than that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells. In terms of performance-price ratio, monocrystalline silicon solar cells are slightly better. (3) Amorphous silicon solar cells Amorphous silicon solar cells are a new type of thin-film solar cells that appeared in 1976. They are completely different from monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon solar cells in manufacturing methods. The process is greatly simplified and the material is silicon. consumption is very low, it consumese less energy and its main advantage is that it can produce electricity even in low light conditions. However, the main problem of amorphous silicon solar cells is that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is low. The current international advanced level is around 10%, and its conversion efficiency is decreasing over time.