In a narrow sense, marine resources include traditional marine organisms, chemical elements dissolved in seawater and freshwater, energy contained in seawater and mineral resources of seabed. All of these elements are directly linked to the body of marine water itself. . Relationship between matter and energy.
Marine resources refer to the natural sources of means of production and means of life in the ocean. Marine resources include four categories: marine mineral resources, seawater chemical resources, marine biological (aquatic) resources, and marine energy resources.
Marine mineral resources mainly include petroleum, coal, iron, bauxite, manganese, copper, quartz, etc. The chemical resources of sea water mainly include chlorine, sodium, magnesium, sulfur, iodine, uranium, gold, nickel, etc. They are dissolved in sea water. Their properties are the same as those of marine mineral resources. These are mineral resources (different from biological resources). However, their valorization method is completely different from that of marine mineral resources.
Approximately 85% of the world's aquatic products are produced in the ocean. Fish is the main resource, accounting for more than 80% of the planet's total marine aquatic products, and there are also rich seaweed resources. Seawater is rich in seawater chemical resources, and more than 80 seawater chemicals have been discovered. Among them, 11 elements (chlorine, sodium, magnesium, potassium, sulfur, calcium, bromine, carbon, strontium, boron and fluorine) account for more than 99.8% of the total substances dissolved in seawater, and more than 50 chemicals can be extracted.
(1) The amount of oceanic energythat contained in the total mass of ocean water is enormous, but the energy per unit volume, unit area and unit length is small. This means that if you want to get large amounts of energy, you need to get it from a large amount of seawater.
(2) Ocean energy is renewable. Ocean energy comes from solar radiation and gravitation between celestial bodies. As long as the sun, moon and other celestial bodies coexist with the earth, this energy will be regenerated and will be inexhaustible.
(3) Ocean energy can be divided into more stable and unstable energy sources. The most stable are the energy of temperature difference, the energy of salinity difference and the energy of ocean currents. Unstable energy is divided into two types: regular changes and irregular changes. Tidal energy and tidal current energy are unstable but change regully. According to the changing laws of tidal currents, people make daily and hourly forecasts of tides and tides for various locations to predict the size and strength of tides at different times in the future. Tidal power plants and tidal power plants can organize power generation operations based on forecast tables. What is both unstable and irregular is the energy of the waves.
(4) Ocean energy is clean energy, meaning that once developed, ocean energy itself will have little impact on ocean pollution. environment.