The basic process of the carbon cycle in nature is as follows: carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is absorbed by land and ocean plants and then returned to the atmosphere in the form of carbon. carbon dioxide through biological or geological processes and human activities.
1. The cycle between living beings and the atmosphere.
Green plants obtain carbon dioxide from the air, convert it to glucose through photosynthesis, and then synthesize it into carbon compounds in plants. After passing through the food chain, they become carbon compounds in animals.
2. Exchange between the atmosphere and the ocean.
Carbon dioxide can enter seawater from the atmosphere, but can also enter the atmosphere from seawater. The amount of carbon dioxide flowing in these two directions is approximately equal. As theAs the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases or decreases, the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the ocean also increases or decreases.
3. The formation and decomposition of carbon-containing salts.
Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere dissolves in rainwater and groundwater to become carbonic acid. Carbonic acid can turn limestone into soluble bicarbonate, which is transported to the ocean by rivers. The carbonate absorbed in seawater and its bicarbonate content are saturated. .
The two largest carbon reservoirs on the planet are the lithosphere and fossil fuels:
Carbon activity in these two reservoirs is slow and actually plays a role in The Role of the Repository. There are three carbon reservoirs on earth: the atmospheric reservoir, the hydrosphere reservoir and the biological reservoir. The carbon contained in these threes pools are exchanged rapidly between organisms and the inorganic environment. Their capacity is small but active, and they actually function as trading pools.
Carbon exists mainly as carbonate in the lithosphere, with a total amount of 2.7×1016 t; in the atmosphere it exists as carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, with a total amount of 2.7×1016 t; 2×1012 t; in There are hundreds of organic compounds synthesized biologically in various forms in the hydrosphere and in biobanks. The form of existence of these substances is regulated by various factors.
In the atmosphere, carbon dioxide is the main carbon-containing gas and the main form of carbon participating in the materials cycle. In biobanks, forests are the main carbon absorbers, sequestering twice as much carbon as other types of vegetation. Forests are also the springsmain carbon stores in biobanks. The storage capacity is approximately 4.82×1011 t, which is equivalent to 2/3 of the carbon content of the atmosphere.