Current motors mainly include L (in-line) motors, V-type motors, W-type motors and horizontally opposed motors. Another special feature is the rotary engine, which is a Mazda patent.
V-type engine: The cylinders of the V-type engine diverge in pairs, forming a certain angle. They look like a "V" when viewed from the side, which is why it is called a V-type engine. Compared with in-line engines, V-type engines shorten the length and height of the body, increase the rigidity of the cylinder block and reduce the weight of the engine, but increase the width of the engine and the shape is complex and difficult to process . It is generally used for 6 cylinders and engines with more than 6 cylinders. There are currently four main types of V-type engines: V6, V8, V10 and V12.
In-line engine: its cylinders are arranged in a row, that is to say in a column, hence its name. The engines inCurrent line mainly include L3, L4, L5 and L6. The cylinder block of the in-line engine is arranged in-line. The cylinder block, cylinder head and crankshaft have simple structure, low manufacturing cost, good low-speed torque characteristics, low fuel consumption, compact size and wide application. is of low power.
W-type engine: Strictly speaking, the W-type engine is still a type of V-type engine. It simply divides the cylinders on both sides of the V-type engine into two groups. like a "W" seen from the side. It can also be said that the W12 engine is composed of two V6 engines. Its greatest advantage is that it has a compact and easy to arrange structure, which favors the optimization of engine compartment space. the structure is too complex. The W-type engine is Volkswagen's patented technology. Only Volkswagen, a brand owned by Volkswagen, uses enginess type W. Currently, there are mainly W12 and W16 engines.
Horizontally opposed engine: Actually, it is also a type of V-type engine, except that the angle between its cylinders is 180 degrees. The horizontally opposed engine is a combination of automobile engines that best corresponds to the principles of sports mechanics. Its manufacturing cost and the difficulty of its process are currently quite high, only Porsche and Subaru use it in the world. The biggest advantage of the horizontally opposed engine is its low center of gravity. Because its cylinder is "flat", it not only lowers the car's center of gravity, but also allows the front of the car to be designed to be flat and low. These factors can improve the driving stability of the car. At the same time, the arrangement of horizontally opposed cylinders forms a symmetrical and stable structure, which makes the engine smoother qu a V-type motor, and the power loss during operation is also minimal.
In addition, since the vibrations generated by the piston and crankshaft when moving left and right cancel each other, low noise and low fuel consumption are achieved. Currently, there are mainly horizontally opposed 4- and 6-cylinder engines.