The Most Often Overlooked Accessories in Car Maintenance
Many people think that maintenance means replacing consumables such as filters and engine oil. In fact, when operating our vehicles. There is a lot of wear and tear. For routine maintenance, the scope of testing is certainly not limited to three filters, engine oil, brake discs, spark plugs, etc. There are still many places where, if you do not pay attention to inspection and maintenance, you may not know when unexpected breakdowns will occur. We will explain several components that we tend to overlook today during routine maintenance.
Ignition Wire
Many people know that spark plugs need to be replaced regularly, but they neglect maintaining other parts of the ignition system, and the high voltage ignition wirewe are part of it. When the engine is running, there are often tens of thousands of volts of high voltage pulse current on the ignition wire. As it works for a long time in a high temperature, dusty and vibrating environment, aging and even damage will inevitably occur. . Therefore, like the spark plug, it is also a consumable that must be replaced frequently. Aging and damage to the ignition wire will significantly reduce ignition energy, increase engine fuel consumption, decrease engine power, and in severe cases may cause misfire, which constitutes a fatal failure for engines equipped with three-way catalytic converters. According to foreign experience, even if there is no defect, a set of ignition high voltage wires should be replaced about every 20,000 kilometers. Many car ownersNational operators often have to wait until the engine runs unstable or even fails to start before thinking about checking the ignition system. However, at this point, fuel is wasted and engine wear and tear is caused by the potential damage. the components of the ignition system have far exceeded their own value. In addition, the distributor cover, flame distributor, ignition coil, spark plug and other components of the ignition system should also undergo routine maintenance and inspection .
Brake disc
The brake disc and the brake shoe form a pair of friction pairs. When the brake shoe is worn, so will the brake rotor. It is very obvious that there will be some wear and tear, but many people only pay attention to replacing the pads when maintaining their vehicle, but often ignore replacing the pad.brake disc. The consequences of excessive brake disc wear are very serious. First, due to the reduction in surface flatness, the actual contact area becomes smaller, resulting in insufficient braking force. In addition, the heat capacity of the worn brake disc decreases and the heat capacity of the worn brake disc decreases. braking force is reduced during continuous braking. When temperature increases rapidly, thermal degradation is more likely to occur. This is all very dangerous while driving. Some repair shops place badly worn brake rotors on lathes for surface treatment, commonly referred to as "discs." In this way, the surface is smooth, but the disc becomes thinner, and the phenomenon of thermal degradation during braking will be more serious. , the high temperatures generated during processing can anneal the brake rotors, thus reducingif their mechanical resistance. Generally speaking, after replacing the brake shoes 2-3 times, the brake disc should also be replaced. Don't feel bad about those hundreds of dollars. After all, human life is priceless.
Generator Bearings
Nowadays, many repairers are jokingly called "chargers", meaning that they can only replace parts but not repair. In fact, the lifespan of some components can be significantly extended provided they are maintained according to regulations, and the generator is one of them. A few years ago, the alternator was still an expensive component in the car. At that time, car maintenance rules provided for a complete set of maintenance systems for the alternator, such as regular lubrication, replacement of bearings, adjustment and replacement of carbon brushes. ,and contact adjustment. Check the gap, etc. Today, as the price of parts and components decreases, routine maintenance of generators has gradually been ignored by people. In fact, if the bearings are inspected and replaced according to the above regulations, the life of the generator can be at least doubled. Generally speaking, when the vehicle has traveled 60,000 to 80,000 kilometers, the generator should be inspected. Additionally, the bearings of the water pump, power steering pump, and air conditioning compressor should also be checked regularly.
With the exception of a few important electrical connectors in cars that use gold contacts, most other connectors use a copper-zinc alloy. Under normal circumstances, its reliability is guaranteed, but if the car is used in an environment. high temperatures, high humidity and environmentbumpy for a long time, these seals may become loose, corrode, or have poor contact. Therefore, during routine maintenance, you should focus on checking the computer seals, sensors, nozzles and other components of the car. If play or corrosion is detected, you can treat it with petroleum jelly or replace the plug with a new one.
From a usage standpoint, the chassis components are actually more prone to problems than the engine.
Shock absorber
An oil leak is a sign of damage to the shock absorber. Additionally, driving on bad roads will significantly increase bumps or change handling. a long braking distance is also a sign of shock absorber damage.
Suspension arm rubber sleeve
Once the rubber sleeve is damaged, the vehicle will suffer a series ofmalfunctions such as deviation and swaying, although. alignment of all four wheels is done, it will be of no use. Damage to the rubber sleeve is easy to spot if you carefully inspect the chassis.
Steering tie rod
A loose steering tie rod poses a serious safety risk. Therefore, during routine maintenance, you should carefully check this part. The method is very simple: hold the pull rod and shake it strongly. If there is no shaking, it means everything is normal. Otherwise, the ball joint or tie rod assembly must be replaced.
Exhaust Pipe
Exhaust Pipe The exhaust pipe is one of the most easily damaged parts under the car. Don't forget to take a look at it during the interview. . The exhaust equipped with a three-way catalytic converter must be particularlycarefully inspected.
1. Characteristics of abnormal noise in connecting rod bearings:
When the engine accelerates sharply, there are continuous and obvious sounds of "block, block, block" voice. The bearing and connecting rod journal are too tight and the radial adjustment clearance is too large. The alloy layer of the connecting rod bearing is burned or peeled off. The connecting rod bearing cap mounting bolts are loose or broken. Oil pressure is too low or oil is too thin. The motor runs for a long time at high temperature and high load.
2. Diagnosis and troubleshooting methods for abnormal noise in generator bearings:
First check whether the fan V-belt is shaking. If it operates normally, pay attention to the sound it makes. by the generator. If the sound is high pitched and harsh, it means the brush is beating on the slip ring (you will see blue at night) if the soundis sharp and sharp, it means the bearing is loose or the bushing is damaged; is heavy, this means that the rotor and stator collide.
The abnormal generator bearing noise is a soft, continuous “rusting” sound. As the engine speed increases, the tone of the abnormal noise becomes higher pitched. The reason for the abnormal noise of the generator bearings is that the generator has not been maintained in time and grease has been added to the bearings, causing the bearings to wear out due to lack of lubrication.
Abnormal noise from bearings of Shanyu generators is usually slight and is often mixed with engine operating noise, making diagnosis difficult. To determine whether the abnormal noise is caused by the generator bearing, you can remove the generator belt after stopping the engine, adjust its tension to completely loosen it, and then run the engine. If the bAbnormal noise disappears at this time it. means the original abnormal noise was caused by the generator bearing race.
When the generator bearings make abnormal noise, the generator should be disassembled and disassembled, and the damaged bearings should be replaced. The bearing noise is relatively fragile, which can be determined by removing the belt. Remove the bearings and check the degree of wear, and add appropriate amount of grease if the rotor and stator collide, repair or replace the parts according to the surface marks, correct the curvature of the generator shaft, replace the carbon brushes with new ones, and assemble the belt pulley correctly to avoid collision with the generator heat sink.
The generator makes abnormal noises when operating, which is usually a mechanical failure. The reasons are as follows: the fan beltur is too loose or too tight; the generator bearing is damaged, stuck or poorly lubricated; the rotor and stator collide (commonly called “sweep”); the ring is incorrect, causing the carbon brush to tip into the frame. The swing makes noise; the generator is not in place when reinstalled, the body tilts, causing the generator armature shaft to bend and the pulley to rub against the heat of the generator. to flow.
Detailed informationGenerator operating procedures:
1. Before starting, check whether there is sufficient oil in the fuel tank and whether there are oil leaks in each oil pipe and joint. Whether the water in the cooling system is sufficient, clean and leak-free, and whether the fan belt is properly tightened. Check that the transmission parts of the internal combustion engine and generator should be connected securely.reliable, that the output line wires must be well insulated and that all instruments must be complete and efficient.
2. After starting, it should run at low speed for 3-5 minutes. The operation can only be started after the oil temperature and pressure are normal. There should be no abnormal noise when the generator accelerates, the slip ring and commutator brushes should be in good contact, and there should be no jumps or sparks. After the operation is stable and the frequency and voltage reach the rated values, power can be supplied externally.
3. When abnormal noise, odor, sharp increase in water temperature, sharp drop in oil pressure, etc. occur. occur during operation, the machine should be stopped immediately for inspection and troubleshooting.
4. The power factor of the generator must not exceedser the late phase (lag) 0.95. The variation range of the frequency value should not exceed 0.5 Hz.
5. Before stopping, you must first turn off the main switch of each power branch and gradually reduce the load, then turn off the main power switch of the generator and turn off the excitation. The rheostat returns to the position of maximum resistance to reduce the voltage to the minimum value, then cuts off the excitation switch and the neutral point grounding switch, and finally stops the operation of the internal combustion engine. ?
Data source: Baidu Encyclopedia: Generator Operation Procedures