The advantages and disadvantages of rural rooftop photovoltaic power generation are as follows.
1. Advantages
1. Small investment: Billions are often invested in large-scale ground-mounted power plants, while home PV plants can be installed with only dozens of people. thousands of yuan.
2. Can save electricity: Use electricity generated by home photovoltaic plants during the day to save electricity bills.
3. Can make money: There is a national subsidy of 0.42 yuan for each kilowatt hour of electricity generated. Unused electricity can also be sold to the state grid. In the past, electricity was spent to be used. but now it is profitable to sell electricity, with a rate of return that can reach more than 10%.
4. Sunshade: When photovoltaic modules and cells are placed on a large area of the roof, they can effectively reduce the indoor temperature of the building by 2-3°C and indirectly save electricity. consumption of air conditioners.
5. Reduction of emissions: A small distributed power generation system with an installed capacity of 3 kilowatts has an annual electricity production of 3,650 kilowatt hours and can generate 91,250 kilowatt hours in 25 years, which equates to a saving of 36 .5 kilowatt hours. tons of standard coal and reduction of emissions. Emission of 94.9 tonnes of carbon dioxide and reduction of 0.8 tonnes of sulfur dioxide emissions.
2. Disadvantages
1. The bracket installation is unstable if a typhoon blows, the board will be blown away and hit people.
2. Electricity production in winter is 20% of that in summer.
3. There is a certain cost and thePayback period is approximately 5 to 6 years.
4. It works intermittently and the electricity generated during the day cannot be saved for use at night.
First of all, we need to know the principles of grid-connected photovoltaic power generation systems and what equipment is needed.
1. Working principle of photovoltaic power generation system:
High-performance solar cell components are installed on the roof using brackets and are connected in series. and at the same time to form solar energy. The solar cell array absorbs sunlight and generates direct current, which is converted to alternating current for home use via the photovoltaic inverter and uploaded to the power grid.
2. System composition:
Mainly includes: photovoltaic modules, inverterur, support, DC cable, AC cable, subsidized meter, bidirectional electricity meter
3. Market price:
The market price of photovoltaic systems is generally 8 to 12 yuan per watt. The cost of installing a 5 kW solar power generation system in an average household is about 40,000 to 60,000 yuan.
4. Income from domestic photovoltaic power generation includes three parts:
1. Earn money from subsidies: national subsidy of 0.42 yuan/kWh + province. subsidies + city and county subsidies Subsidies (slightly different depending on location), whether you use it yourself or sell it, as long as you produce electricity, you will be subsidized.
2. Save on electricity bills: Use your own electricity and don't have to pay electricity bills, which equals saving money.
3. Make money by selling electricity: Unused electricity is sold to the state, and the electricity price is about 0.56 yuan/kWh, based on the reference price of electricity. electricity from local coal desulfurization units. (Electricity prices in various locations slightly different).
5. Calculation of return on investment
Taking the Shandong category III area as an example, to install a 5KW domestic power plant, the investment will be around 40,000 yuan depending on the price of the market. It can generate an average of 20 kW/h per day and 7,300 kW/h per year. It is calculated based on 30% self-use and 70% sold to State Grid:
Subsidy income: 7,300*. 0.42 = 3,066 yuan (excluding provincial and prefecture-level subsidies)
Revenue from electricity bill savings: 7,300 * 30% * 0.52 (electricity bill 'electricity) = 1,138.8 yuan
Income pelectricity sales: 7200 * 70% * 0.35 = 1764 yuan /p>
It takes almost 6 years to recover the The average operating life of a photovoltaic plant is 25 years, which is equivalent to 19 years of net income.